Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Hilal-i Ahdar Cemiyetinin Men'i Müskirat Mücadelesi ve Bu Mücadelenin Hilal-i Ahdar Dergisindeki Yansımaları
Green Crescent's Struggle for Alcohol Ban and its Reflections on the Journal of Green Crescent
Elif GÜLTEKİNa, Ahmet Zeki İZGÖERb
aSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hamidiye Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
bSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hamidiye Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Sosyal Hizmetler Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(3):398-405
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2021-83883
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Milli Mücadele Dönemi'nde Trabzon Milletvekili Ali Şükrü Bey'in teklifi ile alkollü içkileri yasaklayan kanun tasarısı I. Meclisin gündemine gelmiştir. 14 Eylül 1920 tarihinde onaylanan ve Men'i Müskirat Kanunu olarak bilinen bu yasanın amacı, savaş döneminin olumsuz koşulları nedeniyle artan alkollü içki tüketiminin yol açtığı sosyal sorunların azaltılmasıydı. Ancak bu kanun, Cumhuriyetin ilan edilmesinden kısa bir süre sonra devletin mali kaynak ihtiyacı nedeniyle yeniden düzenlendi ve 9 Nisan 1924 tarihinde çıkarılan Men'i Müskirat Kanunu'nun Tadiline Dair Kanun ile içki yasağı kaldırılarak içki kullanımının yüksek vergiler ile sınırlandırılmasına yönelik yeni bir adım atıldı. 22 Mart 1926 tarihinde yürürlüğe giren yeni bir yasayla ise içki yasağı tamamen kaldırıldı. Alkollü içkiler ve her türlü bağımlılıkla mücadele amacıyla Dr. Mazhar Osman öncülüğünde kurulmuş olan Hilali Ahdar Cemiyeti, içki yasaklarının en büyük destekçilerinden biri olmuştur. Bu bağlamda, alkollü içki yasağının yumuşatılmasına yönelik ilk adımın 1924 yılında atılmasından kısa bir süre sonra, Hilal-i Ahdar Cemiyeti bu durumun yanlışlığına dikkat çekmek üzere harekete geçmiş ve içki ile mücadele amacıyla yürütülecek propaganda faaliyetleri için 1925 tarihinden itibaren Hilal-i Ahdar dergisini çıkarmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma ile Hilal-i Ahdar dergisinin sağladığı veriler ışığında Hilal-i Ahdar Cemiyetinin içki yasağının kaldırılmasına yönelik tepkisine ve içkinin kanunen yasaklanması için verdiği mücadeleye tarihsel bir bakış sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yeşilay; Hilal-i Ahdar dergisi; içki yasağı
ABSTRACT
 During the War of Independence, the draft act banning alcoholic beverages came to the agenda of the First Parliament by the proposal of Deputy of Trabzon Ali Şükrü Bey for the first time. The purpose of this act, which approved on 14 September 1920 and known as the Prohibition Act of Alcoholic Beverages, was to get decrease social problems caused by adverse conditions of the war period. However, this Act was rearranged shortly after the proclamation of the Republic due to the state's need for financial resources. With the Act, which approved on 9 April 1924, a new step was taken towards limiting the use of alcoholic beverages with the high taxes by removing the prohibition of alcohol. With a new Act, which approved on 22 March 1926, the prohibition of alcohol was completely abolished. The Hilal-i Ahdar Society, founded under the leadership of Mazhar Osman to combat alcoholic beverages and all kinds of addiction, has been one of the biggest supporters of the prohibition of alcohol. In this context, shortly after the first step towards softening the prohibition of alcoholic beverages was taken in 1924, the Hilal-i Ahdar Society took action to draw attention to the wrongness of this situation and started to publish the Hilal-i Ahdar magazine as of 1925 for the propaganda activities to be carried out to struggle alcohol. With this study, in the light of the data provided by the journal Hilal-i Ahdar, a historical perspective was provided to the response of the Hilal-i Ahdar Society to the abolition of the prohibition of alcohol and its struggle for the legal prohibition of alcohol.

Keywords: Green crescent; the journal of Green Crescent; prohibition of alcoholic beverages
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