Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hemşirelerin Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğe Yönelik Bilgi ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Investigation of Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes About Evidence-Based Nursing: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Aysu ALPERENa, Ayşegül OKSAY ŞAHİNb
aKarabük Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, Karabük, TÜRKİYE
bKarabük Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Karabük, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(1):149-59
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-82436
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Hemşirelerin, kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, bir kamu hastanesinde 321 hemşireden oluşan evrenden 264 hemşireyle tamamlanmıştır. Veriler, 'Bilgi Formu' ve 'Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğe Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği' kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Kolmogorov-Smirnov analizi, açıklayıcı faktör analizi, Cronbach alfa güvenirlik analizi, ki-kare testi, ilişkisiz örneklemler t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve 'post hoc' Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin kanıta dayalı hemşirelik uygulamaları hakkında bilgi sahibi olma durumları %64, bilgi sahibi olma durumu ile eğitim durumu (p<0,05) arasında ve girişimlerini gerçekleştirirken bilimsel çalışmalardan/kanıtlardan yararlanma durumları ile cinsiyet (p=0,001) arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Kanıta dayalı hemşireliğe yönelik tutum ölçeği puan ortalaması 60,76±7,9 olup, alt boyutlar; inanç ve beklentiler, duygular ve uygulama niyeti sırasıyla 29,06±4,12, 20,59±3,37 ve 11,10±1,96 olarak yüksek düzeyde olumlu bulunmuştur. Ölçek puan ortalamaları ile yaş (p=0,041) ve cinsiyet (p=0,022) arasında, duygular alt boyutu ile yaş (p=0,002) ve cinsiyet (p=0,020), uygulama niyeti alt boyutu ile cinsiyet (p=0,008) arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin, hemşirelik girişimlerini gerçekleştirmede araştırma yapma, sonuçları uygulamaya aktarma ve bilimsel araştırma ve/veya kanıtları kullanma konusunda kendi yeterliliklerini zayıf olarak değerlendirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Hemşirelerin kanıta dayalı hemşirelik uygulamaları hakkındaki bilgileri orta, tutumları ise yüksek düzeyde olumlu ve cinsiyet açısından kadınlar lehine anlamlı fark bulunmaktadır. Kanıtları oluşturma ve kullanma için araştırma yapma ve sonuçlarından yararlanma yeterliliklerinin zayıf olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşireler; kanıt; kanıta dayalı hemşirelik; kanıta dayalı uygulama
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in order to evaluate nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards evidence-based nursing. Material and Methods: The search was completed with 264 nurses from a population of 321 nurses in a public hospital. The data were collected using the "Information Form" and 'Scale for Attitudes of Nurses Intended to Evidence Based Nursing' Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Kolmogorov- Smirnov analysis, explanatory factor analysis, Cronbach alpha reliability analysis, chi-square test, unrelated samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test were used to evaluate the data. Results: Knowledge status of nurses on evidence-based nursing implementations ratio is 64% signific ant difference was found between knowledge status and education status (p<0.05) and between rate of utilization from scientific studies/evidence while performing the attempts with gender (p=0.001). The mean score of the attitude scale towards evidence-based nursing was 60.76±7.9 and its sub-dimensions; faiths and expectations, feelings and intention to implement were highly positive found as 29.06±4.12, 20.59±3.37 and 11.10±1.96, respectively. Significant differences were found between the mean scores of the scale with age (p=0.041) and gender (p=0.022), between the feelings and age (p=0.002) and gender (p=0.020), and between the intention to implement and gender (p=0.008). It was determined that nurses evaluated their own competencies as weak in conducting research, transferring the results in to practice, and using scientific studies and / or evidence to carry out nursing interventions. Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge of evidence-based nursing practices is moderate, their attitudes are highly positive, and there is a significant difference in favor of women in terms of gender. It has been determined that their ability to conduct research and make use of its results to create and use evidence is weak.

Keywords: Nurses; evidence; evidence-based nursing; evidence-based practice
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