Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Hemşirelerin Ameliyat Öncesi ve Sonrası Dönemde İstemsiz Perioperatif Hipotermiye İlişkin Bilgi ve Uygulamaları: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Nurses' Knowledge and Practices on Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia in the Pre-and Post-Operative Period: A Descriptive Study
Hatice ÖNER CENGİZa
aAnkara Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Ebelik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(3):638-47
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-87162
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: İstemsiz perioperatif hipoterminin önlenmesine yönelik birçok girişim bilinmesine karşın, cerrahi hastalarının çoğunda istemsiz perioperatif hipotermi gelişmektedir. İstemsiz perioperatif hipotermi cerrahi alan enfeksiyonu, morbidite, mortalite, sağlık bakım maliyetinde artma, hastanede kalış süresinde uzama gibi ciddi komplikasyonlara neden olabilmektedir.Bu çalışmanın amacı, ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası dönemde hemşirelerin istemsiz perioperatif hipotermiye ilişkin bilgi ve uygulama durumlarının belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, 01 Eylül-01 Kasım 2021 tarihleri arasında 3. basamak bir üniversite hastanesinin cerrahi klinikleri ve yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışan 144 hemşire ile tanımlayıcı olarak gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, 'Anket Formu', 'İstemsiz Perioperatif Hipotermi Bilgi Formu' ve 'İstemsiz Perioperatif Hipotermi Gelişimini Önleyici Girişimleri Uygulama Formu' ile toplandı. Veriler, SPSS 25 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Kruskal-Wallis Testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 32±6,91, istemsiz perioperatif hipotermi bilgi puan ortalamaları 59,09±15,63'tür. Hemşirelerin %79,9'unun istemsiz perioperatif hipotermiye ilişkin bilgi almadığı, %79,9'unun ameliyat öncesi dönemde hastaları ısıtma girişiminde bulunmadığı, %73,6'sının ameliyat sonrası vücut sıcaklığı 36°C'nin altında olan hastalarda vücut sıcaklığını artırmak için battaniye kullandığı belirlendi. İstemsiz perioperatif hipotermiye ilişkin bilgi alan hemşirelerin bilgi puan ortalamalarının (65,64±13,37) bilgi almayanlardan (56,12±15,73) anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası hasta bakımından sorumlu olan cerrahi hemşirelerinin istemsiz perioperatif hipotermiye ilişkin bilgi ve uygulamalarının yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre hemşirelerin istemsiz perioperatif hipotermiye yönelik güncel kılavuzları takip etmeleri gerektiği ve belirli aralıklarla hizmet içi eğitime gereksinim olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hipotermi; perioperatif hemşirelik; perioperatif bakım; preoperatif bakım; postoperatif bakım
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Although many attempts to prevent inadvertent perioperative hypothermia are known, most surgical patients develop inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia can cause serious complications such as surgical site infection, morbidity, mortality, increased health care costs, and prolonged hospital stay. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge and practice of nurses regarding involuntary perioperative hypothermia in the pre- and postoperative period. Material and Methods: The research was carried out as a descriptive study with 144 nurses working in the surgical clinics and intensive care units of a tertiary university hospital between 01 September-01 November 2021. The data were collected with the ''Survey Form'', ''Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia Information Form'' and ''Application Form for Preventing Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia Development''. Data were evaluated using SPSS 25 statistical package program, number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney U Test. Results: The mean age of the nurses was 32±6.91, and the mean inadvertent perioperative hypothermia knowledge score was 59.09±15.63. It was determined that 79.9% of the nurses did not receive information about inadvertent perioperative hypothermia, 79.9% did not attempt to warm the patients in the preoperative period, and 73.6% of them used blankets to increase the body temperature in patients with postoperative body temperature below 36°C. It was determined that the mean knowledge score of the nurses who received information about inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (65.64±13.37) was significantly higher than those who did not (56.12±15.73). Conclusion: It has been determined that the knowledge and practices of the surgical nurses, who are responsible for pre- and postoperative patient care, regarding inadvertent perioperative hypothermia are insufficient. Accordingly, it can be said that nurses should follow the current guidelines for involuntary perioperative hypothermia and that in-service training is needed at regular intervals.

Keywords: Hypothermia; perioperative nursing; perioperative care; preoperative care; post-operative care
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