Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Hemşire Akademisyenlerin Araştırma Sürecinde Karşılaştıkları Etik Sorunlar: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Ethical Problems Faced by Nurse Academicians in the Research Process: Descriptive Research
Zehra GÖÇMEN BAYKARAa , Şenay GÜLb , Seyhan DEMİR KARABULUTc , Burcu DULUKLUd , Gülcan EYÜBOĞLUe , Nevin DOĞANf , Mukadder GÜNg , Şerife KILINÇ KEYİKh
aGazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
bHacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
cBaşkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
dHacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
eGazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
fSiirt Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Siirt, Türkiye
gUfuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
hGazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2023;31(2):106-17
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2022-94276
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Bu araştırma, hemşire akademisyenlerin araştırma sürecinde karşılaştıkları etik sorunları belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı araştırma olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma 10 Ağustos 2020-13 Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında, Türkiye'deki toplam 169 yükseköğretim kurumunun hemşirelik fakültelerinde, sağlık yüksekokullarının ve sağlık bilimleri fakültelerinin hemşirelik bölümlerinde görev yapan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 583 hemşire akademisyen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, çevrim içi olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan ''Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Soru Formu'' ve ''Araştırma Sürecinde Karşılaşılan Etik Sorunlara İlişkin Form'' aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada, nicel verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; tanımlayıcı istatistikler (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, minimum ve maksimum değerler); nitel verilerin analizinde ise ''doküman analizi'' yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, hemşire akademisyenlerin araştırma sürecinde en çok karşılaştıkları etik sorunlar; etik kurullarda hemşirelerin bulunmaması/sınırlı sayıda bulunması, hemşirelik çalışmalarında hemşirelerin sorumlu araştırmacı olmasına izin verilmemesi, hekimlerin sorumlu araştırmacı olmayı istemesi, araştırma konusunun kurum için tehdit olarak algılanması nedeniyle kurum izninin verilmemesi, akademik yükselmeye ilişkin kaygılar nedeniyle araştırmaların özensiz hazırlanması, kolay ve ulaşılabilir olması nedeniyle stajyer veya öğrenciler üzerinde araştırma yapılması ve araştırmada yazar sıralamasının verilen emeğe göre yapılmaması olarak saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda; etik kurul ve etik komisyonlarda hemşirelerin yer alması, hekimlerin katkıda bulunmayacakları çalışmalara araştırmacı olarak katılmamaları, stajyer öğrenciler ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalara daha çok özen gösterilmesi ve araştırmaların etik açıdan doğru bir şekilde yürütülmesi için araştırmacılara, kurumlara yönelik araştırma ve yayın etiği eğitiminin verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; araştırma; etik sorun
ABSTRACT
 This research was conducted as descriptive quantitative research to determine the ethical problems that nurse faculties encountered during the research process. The research was carried out between August 10, 2020 and May 13, 2021 with 583 nurse academicians working in nursing faculties of 169 higher education institutions in Türkiye, nursing departments of health schools and health sciences faculties and who agreed to participate in the research. The research data were collected through the ''Introductory Information Questionnaire'' and the ''Form Regarding Ethical Problems Encountered During the Research Process'' prepared online. In the research, in the evaluation of quantitative data; descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values); in the analysis of qualitative data, the ''document analysis'' method was used. In this study, the ethical problems that nurse faculties encountered most during the research process; The absence/limited number of nurses in the ethics committees, the fact that nurses are not allowed to be principal researchers in nursing studies, physicians want to be chief researchers, institution permission is not given because the research subject is perceived as a threat to the institution, researches are prepared sloppy due to concerns about academic promotion, and they are easy and accessible. It has been determined that research is done on interns or students and the author is not ranked according to the effort given in the research. In line with these results, it is recommended that research and publication ethics training be given to researchers and institutions to include nurses in ethics committees and ethics commissions, not to participate as researchers in studies that physicians will not contribute to, to pay attention to the studies on intern students, and to conduct research in an ethically correct manner.

Keywords: Nursing; research; ethical problem
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