Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Health and Death Anxiety in Those Who Lost Relatives to COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study
Yakınını COVID-19 Nedeniyle Kaybedenlerde Sağlık ve Ölüm Kaygısı: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Gülay TAŞDEMİR YİĞİTOĞLUa , Gülseren KESKİNb , Nesrin ÇUNKUŞ KÖKTAŞa
aPamukkale University Faculty of Health Science, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Denizli, Türkiye
bEge University Atatürk Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, İzmir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(3):885-93
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-100114
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the health and death anxiety of those who lost their relatives due to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in Türkiye. Material and Methods: The sample of descriptive and cross-sectional study included 213 individuals had lost their relatives due to COVID-19, lived two cities in western Türkiye. The personal information form, Health Anxiety Scale (HAS), Abdel-Khalek Death Anxiety Scale (AKDAS), and Beck Anxiety Scales were used for data collection between August and October 2021. Data were collected with Google Forms. The study link to the questionnaire was distributed to all eligible participants through email and social media websites (Instagram, and WhatsApp). Results: It was found that there was statistical significance in the HAS hypersensitivity to physical symptoms and anxiety scores in terms of gender. A statistical difference was determined in the AKDAS scores by the gender, marital, and child status of the individuals. A positive correlation was found between AKDAS, the negative consequences of the disease subdimension of the HAS, and the total score of the HAS. A positive correlation was found between death anxiety and health anxiety and anxiety total score averages. Moreover, death anxiety was mostly affected by negative results of the disease levels (β=0.421). Conclusion: In the study, it was concluded that there is a positive relationship between health and death anxiety in individuals who lost their relatives due to COVID-19. Psychoeducational programs can be applied to individuals who lost their relatives, on issues such as coping with stress, problem solving, anger management, self-knowledge and awareness to reduce their health and death anxieties.

Keywords: Anxiety; COVID-19; death; health; pandemic
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] nedeniyle yakınlarını kaybedenlerin sağlık ve ölüm kaygılarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye'nin batısındaki iki şehirde yaşayan, yakınlarını COVID-19 nedeniyle kaybetmiş 213 kişi oluşturdu. Verilerin toplanmasında kişisel bilgi formu, Sağlık Kaygısı Ölçeği (SKÖ), Abdel-Khalek Ölüm Kaygısı (AKÖK) ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) kullanıldı. Verilerin toplanmasında Ağustos-Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında kişisel bilgi formu, SKÖ, AKÖK ve BAÖ kullanıldı. Veriler Google Formlar ile toplandı. Anketin çalışma bağlantısı tüm uygun katılımcılara e-posta ve sosyal medya web siteleri (Instagram ve WhatsApp) aracılığıyla dağıtıldı. Bulgular: SKÖ fiziksel semptomlara karşı aşırı duyarlılık ve anksiyete puanlarında cinsiyete göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Bireylerin cinsiyet, medeni durum ve çocuk durumuna göre ölüm kaygısı puan ortalamalarında istatistiksel olarak farklılık saptanmıştır. Ölüm kaygısı toplam puan ortalaması ile SKÖ hastalığın olumsuz sonuçları alt boyutu ve SKÖ toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ölüm kaygısı toplam puanı ile sağlık kaygısı toplam ve anksiyete toplam puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif korelasyon saptanmıştır. Ayrıca ölüm anksiyetesini en fazla bedensel belirti aşırı duyarlılık ve anksiyete düzeyleri etkiledi (β=0,421). Sonuç: Çalışmada yakınlarını COVID-19 nedeniyle kaybetmiş bireylerde sağlık ve ölüm kaygısı arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yakınlarını kaybeden bireylere sağlık ve ölüm kaygılarına yönelik stresle baş etme, problem çözme, öfke yönetimi, kendini tanıma ve farkındalık gibi konularda psikoeğitim programları uygulanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kaygı; COVID-19; ölüm; sağlık; pandemi
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