Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hasta Güvenliği Dersinin Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Hasta Güvenliği Bilgisi ve Tıbbi Hatalara Karşı Tutumları Üzerine Etkisi: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
The Effect of the Patient Safety Course on Nursing Students Patient Safety Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Medical Errors: A Descriptive Study
Berna AKSOYa , Eylem PASLI GÜRDOĞANa , Ezgi KINICI DİRİKa , Burcu USLUa , Şebnem BİLGİÇa
aTrakya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Edirne, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(2):373-82
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-99996
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, hasta güvenliği dersinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin hasta güvenliği bilgisi, yeterliliği ve tıbbi hatalara karşı tutumları üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ön-test ve son-test uygulamalı yarı deneysel nitelikteki planlanan bu çalışma, bir üniversitenin 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde hasta güvenliği dersini ilk kez alan 2. sınıf hemşirelik öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirildi (n=143). Veriler, öğrencilerin sosyodemografik özellikleri ve hasta güvenliğine ilişkin deneyimlerini içeren anket formu, test sorularından oluşan sınav, ''Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Eğitiminde Hasta Güvenliği Ölçeği (SPEHGÖ)'' ve ''Tıbbi Hatalarda Tutum Ölçeği (THTÖ)'' kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılarak tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Mann-Whitney U testi uygulandı. Bulgular: Öğrencilere göre hemşirelerin tıbbi hata yapmalarını etkileyen faktörler dikkatsizlik (%42), bilgi eksikliği (%32,9), iş yükünün fazla olması (%26,6) idi. Öğrencilerin SPEHGÖ hem sınıf hem de klinik boyutunda güvenlik risklerinin yönetimi ve beklenmedik olayları ve neredeyse hataları tanıma, müdahale etme ve ortaya çıkarma alt boyutlarına ait puan ortalamalarının dönem sonunda arttığı belirlendi (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin THTÖ toplam puan ortalamasının ön-testte 3,99±0,38, iken son-testte 4,00±0,38 olduğu bulundu. Dönem sonunda öğrencilerin THTÖ ''tıbbi hata algısı'' ve ''tıbbi hata nedenleri'' alt boyut puanlarının arttığı, ''tıbbi hata yaklaşımı'' alt boyut puanının ise azaldığı bulundu (p<0,05). Öğrencilerin hasta güvenliğine ilişkin bilgilerinin dönem sonunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde arttığı belirlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular; Hasta güvenliği dersi öğrencilerin hasta güvenliği bilgisi, yeterliliği, tıbbi hatalara karşı tutum ve algılarını geliştirmek için yararlı olduğunu gösterdi. Bu nedenle, hemşirelik müfredatında Hasta güvenliği dersi/eğitimlerine yer verilmesi, klinik uygulamalar sırasında öğrencilerin hasta güvenliği ile ilgili endişelerini ifade etmeleri için hemşirelik eğitimcileri tarafından cesaretlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hasta güvenliği; tıbbi hata; hemşirelik; öğrenci
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effect of the patient safety course on nursing students' patient safety knowledge, competence and attitudes towards medical errors. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test application study was conducted with 2nd year nursing students who took the Patient Safety course for the first time in the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year at a university (n=143). Data were collected using a questionnaire form including socio-demographic characteristics of the students and their experiences related to patient safety, a quiz consisting of test questions, the ''Health Professional Education in Patient Safety Survey (HPEPSS)'', and the "Scale of Attitudes towards Medical Errors (SAME)''. Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U test were applied to analyze the data using the SPSS 22 package program. Results: According to the students, the factors affecting nurses' making medical errors were carelessness (42%), lack of knowledge (32.9%), and high workload (26.6%). It was determined that the students' average scores in the HPEPSS sub-dimensions of ''Managing Safety Risks'' and ''Recognize, Respond To And Disclose Adverse Events and Close Calls'' in both classroom and clinical dimensions increased at the end of the semester (p<0.05). The mean total score of the SAME was found to be 3.99±0.38 in the pre-test and 4.00±0.38 in the post-test. At the end of the semester, it was found that the ''medical error perception'' and ''medical error reasons'' sub-dimension scores of the SAME increased, while the ''approach to medical errors'' sub-dimension score decreased (p<0.05). It was determined that students' knowledge of patient safety increased statistically significantly at the end of the semester (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that patient safety course was beneficial for improving students' patient safety knowledge, competence, and attitudes and perceptions towards medical errors. Therefore, it is recommended that patient safety courses/trainings should be included in the nursing curriculum and nursing educators should encourage students to express their concerns about patient safety during clinical practice.

Keywords: Patient safety; medical error; nursing; student
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