Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde Gömülü Diş ve İlişkili Patolojilerin Prevalansının Panoramik Radyografiler ile Retrospektif Olarak İncelenmesi
Retrospective Examination of the Prevalence of Impacted Teeth and Related Pathologies in the Southeastern Anatolia Region with Panoramic Radiographs
Rojdan Ferman GÜNEŞ UYSALa , Gülüçağ Giray TEKİNb
aBatman Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Cerrahisi AD, Batman, Türkiye
bBatman Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Periodontoloji AD, Batman, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2025;31(3):357-63
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2024-107828
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Gömülü dişlerin sayısı ve oranları farklı toplumlara göre değişebilmektedir ve bu dişler; enfeksiyon, kist veya tümör gibi oral ve maksillofasiyal bölgede çeşitli patolojilere sebep olabilirler. Bu çalışmada Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde panoramik radyografiler üzerinden gömülü diş ve bu dişlerle ilişkili şüpheli patolojilerin prevalansının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmada 2020-2023 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi'ne çeşitli illerden tedavi olmak amacıyla başvuran 18 yaş ve üstü 2.200 hastanın panoramik röntgen görüntüsü 2 farklı diş hekimi tarafından ayrı zamanlarda değerlendirildi. Gömülü dişlerin ve bu dişler etrafındaki dental folikül aralığının 2-3 mm ve daha geniş görüldüğü şüpheli patolojik radyolusensinin, cinsiyet ve yaş gruplarına göre dağılımı incelendi. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: 2.200 hastanın %23'ünde gömülü diş ve bu gömülü dişlerin %21'inde patolojik görünümlü radyolusensi tespit edilmiştir. Dişlerin gömülü olma oranlarına bakıldığında en fazla mandibular 3. molar dişlerin (%56,6) gömülü olduğu ve en fazla patolojiye de bu dişlerde rastlanıldığı görülmüştür (%63,1). Gömülü diş sayısı, patoloji durumu ve yaş grupları ile cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmayıp kadın ve erkeklerde benzer oranda gömülü diş ve bu dişlerle ilişkili şüpheli patolojik görüntüler tespit edilmiştir (p=0,4534, p=0,6184, p=0,5434). Yaş grupları ile gömülülük durumu arasında ise anlamlı bir ilişki olup, genç bireylerde daha fazla gömülü dişe rastlanmıştır (p<0,0001). Sonuç: Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi'nde gömülü dişlerin varlığı ve sıklığı sadece yaşa göre değişebilmektedir. Ayrıca bu dişlerin ciddi komplikasyonlara sebep olma potansiyelleri de azımsanmayacak kadar büyük orandadır. Ağız içi muayenede eksik olan dişlerin radyografi ile değerlendirilip takip edilmesi gerektiği ve gerekli durumlarda da proflaktik olarak çekimi düşünülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Gömülü diş; kist; tümör; prevalans
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The number and prevalence of impacted teeth may vary among different populations, and these teeth can lead to various pathologies in the oral and maxillofacial region, such as infections, cysts, or tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of impacted teeth and associated suspected pathologies using panoramic radiographs in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, panoramic radiographs of 2,200 patients aged 18 years and older, who presented to the Faculty of Dentistry at Dicle University between 2020 and 2023 for treatment from various provinces, were evaluated. The radiographs were independently assessed at different times by 2 separate dentists. The distribution of impacted teeth and suspected pathological radiolucencies-characterized by a pericoronal follicular space of 2-3 mm or greater-was analyzed in relation to gender and age groups. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Impacted teeth were detected in 23% of the 2,200 patients included in the study, and 21% of these impacted teeth exhibited pathologic-appearing radiolucencies. When evaluating the distribution of impaction among different teeth, the mandibular 3rd molars were found to be the most frequently impacted (56.6%) and also the most commonly associated with pathologic changes (63.1%). No statistically significant relationship was observed between the number of impacted teeth, the presence of pathology, and gender or age groups. Both male and female patients exhibited similar rates of impacted teeth and associated suspected pathologic radiolucencies (p=0.4534, p=0.6184, p=0.5434). However, a statistically significant relationship was found between age groups and the prevalence of impacted teeth, with younger individuals showing a higher frequency of impaction (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In the Southeastern Anatolia Region, the presence and frequency of impacted teeth appear to vary primarily with age. Moreover, the potential of these teeth to cause serious complications should not be underestimated. It is essential that missing teeth identified during intraoral examination be further evaluated through radiographic imaging and monitored regularly. In indicated cases, prophylactic extraction may be considered as a preventive measure to avoid future pathological developments.

Keywords: Impacted tooth; cyst; tumor; prevalence
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