Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Görme Engelli Sporcularda Futsal Antrenmanın Fiziksel Uygunluk Düzeyine Etkisi
Effects of Indoor Soccer Training on Physical Fitness Levels in Visually Impaired Athletes
Anıl ÖZÜDOĞRUa, İlyas UÇARa
aKırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Yüksekokulu, Kırşehir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(1):77-83
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2019-70779
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Görme engelli bireylerde düzenli sportif faaliyetlerin kas kuvveti, esneklik, denge ve çeviklik gibi fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerine olumlu etkisi, yapılan çalışmalarda sıklıkla vurgulanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, görme engelli bireylerin spora yönlendirilmesi ve spor yapabilme olanaklarının artırılması, günlük yaşam aktivitelerinin maksimum performansla yerine getirilebilmesinde önemlidir. Rekreasyonel aktivitelerde bağımsızlık düzeylerinin azaltılması amacıyla bu alanda çalışan spor profesyonellerinin özellikle de fizyoterapistlerin sayısının artırılması gerekmektedir. Futsal branşı, popülarite açısından görme engelli bireylerin sıklıkla ilgilendiği spor branşlarından biridir. Ancak, literatür incelendiğinde, görme engelli sporcularda futsal antrenmanın fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerine etkisini inceleyen çalışma sayısının yetersiz olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızın amacı, görme engelli sporcularda futsal antrenmanın fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamıza, Görme Engelli Futsal Milli Takım sporcuları dâhil edildi. Tüm sporculara alanında tecrübeli fizyoterapistler ve antrenörler tarafından 10 günlük futsal antrenmanı uygulandı. Antrenman programına aerobik eğitim, kuvvet, denge ve çevikliği içeren eğitimler ve futsala özgü spesifik eğitimler dâhil edildi. Çalışma öncesi tüm sporcuların sosyodemografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Fiziksel uygunluk parametreleri (çeviklik, dayanıklılık, reaksiyon zamanı, esneklik, güç, denge, solunum kapasitesi) kamp öncesi ve sonrası aynı fizyoterapist tarafından değerlendirildi. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Wilcoxon testi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlendi.Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 25 görme engelli erkek sporcu katıldı. Sporcuların yaş ortalaması 26,28±5,52 yıl'dı. Beden kitle indeksi ortalaması ise 23,73±3,17 kg/m2 olarak bulundu. Kamp sonunda sporcuların fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerine ait bazı değişkenlerde (çeviklik, dayanıklılık, kas kuvveti, denge ve solunum kapasitesi) kamp öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklıklar saptandı (p<0,05). Sonuç: Görme engelli bireylerde 10 günlük futsal antrenmanının ilgili değişkenler açısından olumlu etkisi vardır. Bu konuda yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç olmakla beraber, futsal antrenmanın görme engelli sporcularda fiziksel uygunluk düzeyinin artırılması için kullanılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Görme engelli; fiziksel uygunluk; futsal; görme engelli sporcular
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The positive effect of regular sporting activities on physical fitness parameters such as muscle strength, flexibility, balance and agility in visually impaired individuals is frequently emphasized in the studies. For this reason, it is important to direct the visually impaired individuals to the sport and to increase the opportunities for doing sports, to perform the daily life activities with maximum performance. In order to decrease the level of independence in recreational activities, the number of sports professionals working in this field, especially physiotherapists, should be increased. Indoor soccer is one of the sports branches that visually impaired individuals are interested in terms of popularity. However, when the literature was examined, it was found that the number of studies examining the effect of indoor soccer training on physical fitness parameters in visually impaired athletes was insufficient. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of indoor soccer training on physical fitness parameters in visually impaired athletes. Materials and Methods: Visually Impaired Indoor Soccer National Team athletes were included in the study. All athletes received 10 days of indoor soccer training by experienced physiotherapists and trainers. The training program included aerobic training, strength, balance and agility training and futsal specific training. Socio-demographic data of all athletes were recorded before the study. Physical fitness parameters (agility, endurance, reaction time, flexibility, strength, balance, respiratory capacity) were evaluated by the same physiotherapist before and after the camp. Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis of the data. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 25 male visually impaired athletes participated in the study. The mean age of the athletes was 26.28±5.52 years. The mean body mass index was found to be 23.73±3.17 kg/m2. At the end of the camp, some variables (agility, endurance, muscle strength, balance and respiration capacity) of the physical fitness parameters of the athletes were found to be statistically significant compared to pre-camp (p<0.05). Conclusion: 10-day indoor soccer training has a positive effect on visually impaired individuals in terms of related variables. Although further studies are needed in this regard, we think that indoor soccer training can be used to increase the physical fitness level of visually impaired athletes.

Keywords: Blind; physical fitness; indoor soccer; visually impaired athletes
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