Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

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Gece Çalışmanın Meme Kanseri Üzerine Etkisi
The Effect on Breast Cancer of Night Shift Work
Tuğba DÜNDARa, Sevgi ÖZSOYa
aDoğum-Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği AD, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Aydın, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2019;4(3):369-74
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2018-62463
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Meme kanseri, hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki kadınlar arasında en sık görülen kanser türlerinden biridir. Kadın kanserleri içerisinde ilk sırada yer alan meme kanseri, dünyada kanser olan her dört kadından birinde görülmektedir. Genetik özellikler ve yaşam tarzı ile ilgili bazı faktörlerin meme kanseri riskini artırdığı bilinmektedir. Bilinen risk faktörlerinin yanı sıra son zamanlarda, gece vardiyasında çalışmanın bireyin hem sirkadiyen ritmini hem de melatonin salınımını etkilediği, bu nedenle meme kanseri oluşumunda rol oynadığı öne sürülmektedir. Melatonin, epifiz bezinden gece sentezlenir. En önemli özellikleri arasında güçlü bir anti-oksidan, anti-östrojenik ve anti-kanserojen olması yer alır. Tüm hücrelerin yenilenmesine, bağışıklık sisteminin güçlenmesine ve vücudun yeniden direnç kazanmasına destek olur. Ayrıca kanserli dokularda hücre proliferasyonunu durdurur. Gece vardiyasında çalışma, melatoninin salgılanmasında azalmaya neden olarak hormonun faydalı özelliklerinden yararlanılmasını engeller. Bu nedenle de gece çalışan bireylerde hormonal dengesizlikler, uyku bozuklukları, kronik hastalıklar ve hatta kanser görülme riski artabilir. Bu derlemede, literatür bilgileri ışığında gece çalışmasının meme kanseri ile olan ilişkisinin ele alınması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Gece vardiyası; melatonin; meme kanseri; sirkadiyen ritim
ABSTRACT
 Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women in both developed and developing countries. Breast cancer, which is the first among female cancers, is seen in one of every four females with cancer in the world. It is known that genetic characteristics and some factors related to lifestyle increase the risk of breast cancer. Besides the known risk factors, it has recently been suggested that working on night shifts affects both circadian rhythm and melatonin release, thus playing a role in breast cancer development. Melatonin is synthesized night from the pineal gland. Its the most important features it takes place to be a strong anti-oxidant, anti-estrogenic and anti-carcinogenic. It supports the renewal of all cells, strengthening of the immune system and re-resistance of the body. It also stops cell proliferation in cancerous tissues. Night shift work prevents the beneficial properties of the hormone from being used by decreasing the secretion of melatonin. Therefore, the risk of hormonal imbalances, sleep disturbances, chronic illnesses and even cancer may increase in individuals who work at night. In this review, it is aimed to discuss the relationship between night shift work and breast cancer in the light of literature.

Keywords: Night shift work; melatonin; breast cancer; circadien rhtym
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