Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of the Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on the Tooth Caries Prevalence and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: Cross-Sectional Study
COVID-19 Korkusunun Diş Çürüğü Görülme Sıklığı ve Ağız Sağlığı ile İlgili Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Kesitsel Çalışma
Günseli KATIRCIa , Esin BOZDEMİRb , Huriye GÜN GÜLERb
aSüleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Restoratif Diş Tedavisi ABD, Isparta, Türkiye
bSüleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi ABD, Isparta, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2023;29(4):613-20
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2023-98446
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesine başvuran erişkin bireylerdeki koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] korkusunun, diş çürüğü görülme sıklığı ve ağız sağlığı ile ilgili yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 300 kişi yer aldı. Hastalara ait COVID-19 korku düzeyi, COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği kullanılarak tespit edildi. Ağız sağlığı ile ilişkili yaşam kalitesi düzeyi, Ağız Sağlığı Etki Profili-14 [Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14)] Ölçeği ile belirlendi. Hastalara ait sosyodemografik bilgiler kaydedildi. Hastaların ağız içi muayenesi, bir diş hekimi tarafından yapıldı. Kişilerin çürük prevalansı; çürük, kayıp, dolgulu dişlerin [decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT)] indeksi ile tespit edildi. İstatistiksel analizler, Spearman korelasyon analizi, ki-kare testi, bağımsız grup t-testi ve varyans analizi ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmada, yaşları 18-77 arasında değişen, 167 kadın ve 133 erkek gönüllü yer aldı. Çalışmada yer alan katılımcıların, COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği'nden ve OHIP-14 Ölçeği'nden aldıkları puan ortalaması sırasıyla 14,79 ve 11,6 idi. Kadınların COVID-19 korku puanı ortalamasının ve OHIP-14 değeri ortalamasının, erkeklerden yüksek olduğu tespit edildi (bağımsız grup t-testi; p<0,005). Katılımcıların, COVID-19 korku puanı ile OHIP14 değeri arasında anlamlı ve çok zayıf pozitif ilişki olduğu belirlendi (Spearman korelasyon analizi; p<0,05). COVID-19 korku puanı ile DMFT değeri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: COVID-19 korkusundaki artış ile OHIP-14 ortalamasının arttığı gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulgularından, COVID-19 pandemisinin, ülkemizde yaşayan bireylerin ağız sağlığını ve ağız sağlığı ile ilişkili yaşam kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19 pandemisi; ağız sağlığı; DMF indeks; yaşam kalitesi
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fear of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on dental caries prevalence and oral health-related quality of life in adults who applied to Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Dentistry. Material and Methods: The study included 300 subjects. The COVID-19 fear level of patients was determined by the COVID-19 Fear Scale. Oral healthrelated quality of life was determined by the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) Scale. Sociodemographic information of the patients was recorded. Intraoral examination of the patients was performed by one dentist. Caries prevalence of individuals was determined by the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index. Statistical analyzes were performed with Spearman correlation analysis, chi-square test, independent group t-test, and analysis of analysis of variance. Results: The study included 167 female and 133 male volunteers aged 18-77 years. The mean scores of the individuals on the COVID-19 Fear Scale and the OHIP-14 Scale were 14.79 and 11.6, respectively. The mean COVID-19 fear score and OHIP-14 values of women were higher than men (independent group t-test; p<0.005). There was a significant and weak positive correlation between the COVID-19 fear score and the OHIP-14 value (Spearman correlation analysis; p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the COVID-19 fear score and DMFT score (p>0.005). Conclusion: It was observed that the mean of OHIP14 increased with the rising in the fear of COVID-19. From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affects the oral health and oral health-related quality of life of individuals in our country.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; oral health; DMF index; quality of life
REFERENCES:
  1. Yang J, Yang G, Jin R, Song G, Yuan G. Changes in paediatric dental clinic after reopening during COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2022;12(1):e048430. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  2. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al; China Novel Coronavirus Investigating and Research Team. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-33. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  3. Anand PS, Jadhav P, Kamath KP, Kumar SR, Vijayalaxmi S, Anil S. A case-control study on the association between periodontitis and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). J Periodontol. 2022;93(4):584-90. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  4. Töz M, Yolcu İ, Özkalaycı N. COVID-19 pandemisinde ortodonti pratiği [Orthodontics practice in the COVID-19 pandemic]. Türkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2021;27(3):490-6. [Crossref] 
  5. Klimik Derneği [İnternet]. [Erişim tarihi: 16 Ağustos 2023]. COVID-19 Salgınında Ülkelere Göre Olgu Sayıları. Erişim linki: [Link] 
  6. Samuel SR, Kuduruthullah S, Khair AMB, Al Shayeb M, Elkaseh A, Varma SR, et al. Impact of pain, psychological-distress, SARS-CoV2 fear on adults' OHRQOL during COVID-19 pandemic. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021;28(1):492-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  7. Dickson-Swift V, Kangutkar T, Knevel R, Down S. The impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22(1):422. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  8. Guo H, Zhou Y, Liu X, Tan J. The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the utilization of emergency dental services. J Dent Sci. 2020;15(4):564-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  9. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The fear of COVID-19 Scale: development and initial validation. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2022;20(3):1537-45. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  10. Haktanir A, Seki T, Dilmaç B. Adaptation and evaluation of Turkish version of the fear of COVID-19 Scale. Death Stud. 2022;46(3):719-27. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  11. Slade GD. Derivation and validation of a short-form oral health impact profile. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1997;25(4):284-90. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  12. Mumcu G, Inanc N, Ergun T, Ikiz K, Gunes M, Islek U, et al. Oral health related quality of life is affected by disease activity in Behçet's disease. Oral Dis. 2006;12(2):145-51. Erratum in: Oral Dis. 2006;12(3):356. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  13. World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods. 4th ed. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization; 1997.
  14. Yildiz G, Ermis RB, Calapoglu NS, Celik EU, Türel GY. Gene-environment interactions in the etiology of dental caries. J Dent Res. 2016;95(1):74-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Phan NQ, Blome C, Fritz F, Gerss J, Reich A, Ebata T, et al. Assessment of pruritus intensity: prospective study on validity and reliability of the visual analogue scale, numerical rating scale and verbal rating scale in 471 patients with chronic pruritus. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(5):502-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Dave M, Seoudi N, Coulthard P. Urgent dental care for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10232):1257. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  17. Başol ME, Karağaçlıoğlu L, Yılmaz B. Türkçe Ağız Sağlığı Etki Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi-OHIP-14-TR [Developing a Turkish Oral Health Impact Profile-OHIP-14-TR]. Türkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2014;20(2):85-92. [Link] 
  18. Hegarty AM, McGrath C, Hodgson TA, Porter SR. Patient-centred outcome measures in oral medicine: are they valid and reliable? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002;31(6):670-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Matsuyama Y, Isumi A, Doi S, Fujiwara T. Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic exposure on child dental caries: difference-in-differences analysis. Caries Res. 2022;56(5-6):546-54. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  20. Kranz AM, Gahlon G, Dick AW, Stein BD. Characteristics of US adults delaying dental care due to the COVID-19 pandemic. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2021;6(1):8-14. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  21. Aksoy M, Bal C, İnce S, Topsakal GK. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on tooth brushing habits of pediatric patients: a cross-sectional study. Türkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2023;29(1):58-65. [Crossref] 
  22. Iwasaki M, Usui M, Ariyoshi W, Nakashima K, Nagai-Yoshioka Y, Inoue M, et al. Interruption of regular dental visits during the COVID-19 pandemic due to concerns regarding dental visits was associated with periodontitis in Japanese office workers. J Periodontal Res. 2021;56(6):1091-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  23. Matsuyama Y, Aida J, Takeuchi K, Koyama S, Tabuchi T. Dental pain and worsened socioeconomic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. J Dent Res. 2021;100(6):591-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  24. Tzur Bitan D, Grossman-Giron A, Bloch Y, Mayer Y, Shiffman N, Mendlovic S. Fear of COVID-19 scale: psychometric characteristics, reliability and validity in the Israeli population. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289:113100. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  25. Sakib N, Bhuiyan AKMI, Hossain S, Al Mamun F, Hosen I, Abdullah AH, et al. Psychometric Validation of the Bangla Fear of COVID-19 Scale: confirmatory factor analysis and rasch analysis. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2022;20(5):2623-34. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  26. Reich E, Lussi A, Newbrun E. Caries-risk assessment. Int Dent J. 1999;49(1):15-26. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  27. Arısoy A, Çay M. Yaşlı Bireylerde Koronavirüs (Covid-19) korkusu: yetişkin bireylerle karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma [Fear of coronavirus (Covid-19) in elderly people: a comparative study with adults]. TSHD. 2021;17:82-97. [Crossref] 
  28. Strang P, Fürst P, Schultz T. Excess deaths from COVID-19 correlate with age and socio-economic status. A database study in the Stockholm region. Ups J Med Sci. 2020;125(4):297-304. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  29. Budak F, Korkmaz Ş. COVID-19 pandemi sürecine yönelik genel bir değerlendirme: Türkiye örneği [An overall evaluation for the Covid-19 pandemic process: the case of Turkey]. SAYOD. 2020;1:62-79. [Crossref] 
  30. Dhama K, Patel SK, Natesan S, Vora KS, Iqbal Yatoo M, Tiwari R, et al. COVID-19 in the elderly people and advances in vaccination approaches. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(12):2938-43. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  31. Talo Yıldırım T, Yıldırım K, Asafov A. Türkiye'deki sağlık çalışanlarının COVID-19 salgını döneminde uykusuzluk düzeyinin değerlendirilmesi [The evaluation of insomnia level of healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey]. FÜ Sağ Bil Tıp Derg. 2020;34(3):235-40. [Link] 
  32. Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2021;19(6):2369-82. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  33. Kaya G, Trabzon Ş, Altındiş S. Bireylerin yeni koronavirüs (SARS CoV-2) ve COVID-19 hastalığı hakkındaki bilgileri ve COVID-19 korku düzeyleri [Individuals' knowledge of the novel coronavirus (SARS CoV-2) and COVID-19 disease and their level of fear of COVID-19]. Sağlık Bil Değer. 2022;12(2):215-23. [Crossref] 
  34. Toraman A, Karaçam K. Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde korku, sağlık kaygısı ve diş sağlığı bilgi düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the relationship between levels of fear, health anxiety and dental health knowledge during the Covid-19 pandemic process]. Selcuk Dent J. 2022;9:738-45. [Crossref] 
  35. Karabekiroğlu S, Öncü E, Kaplanoğlu K, Ünlü N. Okul çağındaki çocuklarda diş hekimi ziyaret sıklığının çürük deneyimi ve ağız sağlığı faktörleri üzerine etkisi [Effect of dental visit frequency on dental caries experience and oral health factors in schoolchildren]. Selcuk Dent J. 2015;2:58-64. [Crossref] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login



Contact


Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com