Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of Sensory Processing Skills of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Tanılı Çocukların Duyusal İşlemleme Becerilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Remziye AKARSUa, Merve SAVAŞb, Fenise Selin KARALIb, Yusuf ÇELİKc
aBiruni University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, İstanbul, TURKEY
bBiruni University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Language and Speech Therapy, İstanbul, TURKEY
cBiruni University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, İstanbul, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2020;29(2):47-56
doi: 10.5336/pediatr.2019-71761
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the autism severity levels and sensory processing skills of the children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder applied to the language and speech therapy clinics, to identify the relationship between assessed areas and to find out whether they need occupational therapy in the light of sensory profile results. Material and Methods: Fifty three children aged 3-9 years with autism spectrum disorder were included in the study. The sociodemographic data of the children who applied to Biruni University Language and Speech Therapy Clinics with language and speech problems were recorded. Then, Gilliam Autistic Disorder Rating Scale-2 Turkish Version (GARS-2 TV), Test of Early Language Development-Third Edition:Turkish (TELD-3:T) and Sensory Profile Test were applied. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for evaluation of the data. The hypothesis was two tailed and p<0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: According to the statistical analysis results, there were statistically significant relationships between Sensory Profile Test sections' scores such as 'sensory processing', 'behavioral and emotional responses', 'modulation' and GARS-2 sections' scores such as 'standard communication', 'standard social interaction', 'standard stereotype', 'autistic disorder index' (p<0.05). Conclusion: Sensory processing/integration difficulties may be one of the reasons underlying the social interactional difficulties of individuals with non-verbal autism. In our study, it was concluded that children with autism spectrum disorder who applied to speech and language therapy clinics had severe language problems and poor sensory processing skills. In the light of these findings, not only language problems but also the sensory processing skills should be assessed. Further comprehensive studies should be planned to assess the relationship between sensory processing, autism level and language-speech skills.

Keywords: Autism; sensory integration; speech and language disorder
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, dil ve konuşma terapisi kliniğine başvuran otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanılı çocukların otizm seviyeleri ve duyusal işlemleme becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek, uygulanan duyu profili testine göre duyu bütünleme terapisi ihtiyaçlarının varlığını ve ihtiyaç bulunan bölümleri tespit etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanılı 3-9 yaş arasında 53 çocuk dahil edildi. Biruni Üniversitesi Dil ve Konuşma Terapisi Kliniği'ne dil ve konuşma problemi ile başvurmuş çocukların sosyo-demografik bilgileri kaydedildi. Gilliam Otistik Bozukluk Derecelendirme Ölçeği-2 Türkçe Versiyonu (GOBDÖ-2-TV), Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi (TEDİL) ve Duyu Profili Testi uygulandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 22.0 paket programı kullanıldı. p<0,05 anlamlı olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: İstatistiksel analiz sonuçlarına göre, Duyu Profili Testi alt bölümleri olan 'duyusal işlemleme', 'davranışsal ve duygusal cevaplar', 'modülasyon' puanları ile GOBDÖ-2- TV bölümleri olan 'iletişim', 'sosyal etkileşim', 'stereotipi' puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki mevcuttu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Non-verbal otizmli bireylerin sosyal etkileşimsel güçlüklerinin altında yatan sebeplerden biri de duyusal işlemleme/entegrasyon güçlükleridir. Çalışmamızda konuşma problemi ile dil ve konuşma kliniğine başvuran otizmli çocuklarda şiddetli dil bozukluğu ile birlikte zayıf duyusal işlemleme becerilerinin var olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bulgular; dil ve konuşma terapisi ile birlikte duyusal bütünleme ile ilgili sorunların ele alınması gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Duyusal işlemleme, otizm seviyesi ve dilkonuşma becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek için daha kapsamlı çalışmalar planlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Otizm; duyu dütünleme; dil ve konuşma bozukluğu
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