Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of Demographic, Clinical, Laboratory Findings and Treatments of Our Cases with Febrile Convulsions: A Descriptive Research
Febril Konvülsiyonlu Olgularımızın Demografik, Klinik, Laboratuvar Bulguları ve Tedavilerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
İlkiz Özge ÖZDİL YILMAZa , Yasemin KARALb
aİstanbul Health and Technology University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Child Health and Diseases, İstanbul, Türkiye
bTrakya University Medical Faculty Hospital, Department of Child Health and Diseases, Department of Child Neurology, Edirne, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2025;34(1):10-8
doi: 10.5336/pediatr.2024-105193
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics, responses to treatment options, and risk factors for the development of epilepsy in cases who presented to our clinic with febrile convulsions (FC) and were diagnosed with FC. Material and Methods: 200 patients who applied to Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic and Child Neurology Polyclinic between January 2014-December 2018 and were diagnosed with febrile convulsion were evaluated retrospectively. In recurrent simple febrile convulsions and in all complicated febrile convulsions, electroencephalography (EEG) was performed. In case of abnormal EEG findings, appropriate treatment was started. Results: The male/female ratio was 1.22/1, 78% were term births. The average age at diagnosis was 21.82±12.69 months. 52.5% were complicated. The common source of fever was upper respiratory tract infection (83%). 10% had a family history of epilepsy and 25% had a history of febrile convulsions. The recurrence rate was 22.5%. Abnormal EEG was detected in 8% of the patients. Patients with recurrence had higher platelet counts and patients with epilepsy had higher C-reactive protein levels. Conclusion: Epilepsy was observed in %13 of febrile convulsions. The rate of epilepsy diagnosis was high in those with abnormal EEG (81%). As a result; monitoring of febrile convulsions is important due to the increased risk of epilepsy and frequent recurrence compared to the general population. Although we found no significant difference between treatment options in preventing recurrence, rectal diazepamand antipyretics may be preferred since it is easy to apply and has few side effects.

Keywords: Seizures febrile; epilepsy; therapy; risk factors; biomarkers
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmamızda, ateşli havaleyle kliniğimize başvurup febril konvülsiyon tanısı alan vakaların sosyodemografik, klinik, laboratuvar özelliklerini, tedavi seçeneklerine yanıtlarını, epilepsi gelişimi açısından risk faktörlerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2014-Aralık 2018 arasında Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Genel Pediatri ve Çocuk Nörolojisi Polikliniği'ne başvurup febril konvülsiyon tanısı alan 200 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Tekrarlayan basit febril konvülsiyonlarda ve tüm komplike febril konvulsiyonlarda poliklinik takiplerinde en geç bir haftada elektroensefalografi (EEG) çekildi ve anormal bulgusu olanlarda uygun tedavi başlandı. Bulgular: Olguların erkek/kız oranı 1,22/1, %78i term doğumdu. Tanı yaşı ortalama 21,82±12,69 aylıktı. %52,5'u komplike febril konvulziyondu. En sık ateş odağı üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonuydu. (%83). Vakaların %10'unda ailede epilepsi öyküsü, %25'inde febril konvülsiyon öyküsü vardı. Rekürrens oranı %22,5'ti. Hastaların %8'inde anormal EEG saptandı. Rekürrensi olan hastaların trombosit değerleri, epilepsi gelişen hastaların C-reaktif protein seviyeleri daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Febril konvülsiyonların %13'ünde epilepsi geliştiği görüldü. Anormal EEG'si olanların (%81) epilepsi tanısı alma oranı yüksek tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak; febril konvülsiyonların genel popülasyona göre artmış epilepsi riski ve rekürrensin sık görülmesi nedeniyle izlemi önemlidir. Rekürrensi önlemede tedavinin belirgin farkı olmasa da rektal diazepam ve antipiretik tercihleri uygulaması kolay, yan etkisi az gruptadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Febril konvülsiyon; epilepsi; tedavi; risk faktörleri; biyobelirteçler
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