Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Euripides'in Medea Adlı Tragedyasında Feminist Etiğe İlişkin Yaklaşımlar
Approaches Related to Feminist Ethics of Euripides' Tragedy Called Medea
Nuray YAŞAR SOYDANa, İlknur GENÇ KUZUCAa, Serap ŞAHİNOĞLUa
aAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2020;28(2):145-53
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2019-72114
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Kolkhis (Gürcistan) Kralı'nın büyücü kızı olan Medea, dönemin mitolojik söylencelerinin en çarpıcı karakterleri arasındadır. Çocuklarını öldüren bir anne olduğu için Atina Devleti'nde lanetlenmiş bir kadındır. Erkek egemen bu toplumda öteki olmayı kabul etmeyen, aşkın ve tutkularının arkasından giden, kendisine dayatılan rolleri reddeden Medea, feministlerin öncüllerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Tragedya boyunca hem koro tarafından hem de diyaloglarda şeytani nitelikler, dürüst işlerde işe yaramamak, sadakatsizlik gibi kadına yüklenen olumsuz özellikler sürekli vurgulanmaktadır. Kadın bir özne değil, nesne konumunda değerlendirilmekte ve cinsel olarak çekici olmayan kadın sanki işlevsiz olarak görülmektedir. Öte yandan, kadının büyücülük ve hekimlik gücü, ataerkil düzene boyun eğmemesi, kendine dayatılan toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini reddetmesi, iktidara gelen erkeğin arkasındaki kadın gücü, zekâsı, yaratıcılığı, fedakârlığı, sadakati, beslediği derin aşk duygusu metinde yer almaktadır. Erkeklere yüklenen olumlu, kadınlara yüklenen tüm olumsuz değerlere karşın, bu geleneğin bir gün yok olacağı ve modasının geçeceğinin, o zaman geldiğinde kadınların da en az erkekler kadar şiir yazıp sanatla uğraşabileceğinin 2.400 yıl önceki bu metinde vurgulanması çarpıcıdır. Bu çalışmada, Euripides'in Medea adlı tragedyasında yer alan cinsiyetçi söylemlerin, oyunun ana karakteri Medea üzerinden feminist açıdan değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Medea; feminist etik; cinsiyetçi söylem; feminist tiyatro; tragedya
ABSTRACT
Medea, the magician daughter of Colchis the king, is among the most striking character of mythological myths of the time. A cursed woman in the State of Athens for being a mother who killed her children. Medea is regarded as one of the forerunners of feminists, who rejects the roles imposed on her and goes after his love and passion, who does not acept being the altered in this male-dominated society. Throughout the tragedy, by the both chorus and the dialogues are constantly emphasizing negative values that are imputed to the woman such as diabolical features, useless in honest jobs, unfaithfulness. Woman is not a subject, it is viewed as an object and a woman who is not sexually attractive seems to be dysfunctional. On the other hand, it is located in the text that witch crafting and medical power of the woman, not submission of patricial organization, rejection of selfimposed gender roles, woman power behind the man who comes to power, intelligence, creativity, self-devotion, faithfulness, deep love feeling that she feeds. It is strikingly emphasized that all the positive aspects uploaded to men, all the negativities burdened on women and this tradition will disappear, the fashion will pass, then when it comes women also write poetry at least as much as men and can deal with the art in this text 2400 years ago. In this study, it is aimed to evaluated the sexist discourse in the tragedy of Euripides, called Medea, point of view of feminist ethics through Medea who is the main character of the play.

Keywords: Medea; feminist ethics; sexist discourse; feminist theatre; tragedy
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