Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Erkek Basketbolcularda Dört Haftalık Solunum Kas Antrenmanının Pulmoner Fonksiyonlar ile Aerobik ve Anaerobik Performansa Etkisi: Deneysel Araştırma
The Effect of Four-Weeks Respiratory Muscle Training on Pulmonary Functions and Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance in Male Basketball Players: Experimental Research
Adem ÇEVİKa , Özgür BOSTANCIa
aOndokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Yaşar Doğu Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor AD, Samsun, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2024;16(2):186-93
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2024-102953
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, erkek basketbolcularda 4 haftalık solunum kası antrenmanının (SKA) pulmoner fonksiyonlar ile aerobik ve anaerobik performansa etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Randomize olmayan kontrol gruplu araştırma tasarımına göre bu çalışmaya 10 denek (yaş: 28,10±4,51 yıl, boy: 194,30±8,17 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 94,76± 10,70 kg) ve 10 kontrol (yaş: 18,70±0,95 yıl, boy: 180,60±2,22, vücut ağırlığı: 69,50±8,74 kg) olmak üzere 20 erkek basketbolcu gönüllü olarak katıldı. Araştırmada deney grubu sezon öncesi hazırlık antrenmanlarına ek olarak 4 hafta SKA uygularken kontrol grubu ise rutin antrenmanlarına devam etti. SKA'nın etkilerini belirlemek için uygulamanın başlangıcında ve sonunda solunum kas kuvveti, solunum fonksiyonları, aerobik-anaerobik performans testi ölçümleri yapıldı. SKA, POWERbreathe Classic (IMT Technologies Ltd. Birmingham, UK) model ile maksimal inspiratuar basınç değerinin %40'ına eş değer olacak şekilde haftanın 5 günü günde 2 kez tekrarlanmak koşuluyla 4 hafta uygulandı. Gruplar arası tüm parametrelerin ön-son testleri arasındaki karşılaştırması için bağımlı örneklem t-testi, ortalama farkın gruplar arasındaki analizi içinde bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: SKA sonrası deney grubunda zorlu vital kapasite ortalamalarında %13,29 değişim gözlendi (p<0,05). Deney grubunda zirveye ulaşma süresinde %28,64 ve zirve güçte %5,66 düzeyinde artış meydana geldiği belirlendi (p<0,05). Kontrol grubunda Wingate testi sonrasında tüm parametrelerde anlamlı bir değişim gözlenmedi (p>0,05). SKA sonrası deney grubunda VO2maks ortalama değerinde %14,74 (p<0,008) ve kontrolde ise %7,50 oranında iyileşme tespit edildi (p<0,006). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları SKA'nın basketbolcular için son derece faydalı olabileceğine, solunum kaslarının iyileştirilmesi, inspiratuar kas yorgunluğunun azalması ve daha iyi solunum verimliliğinin yanı sıra yüksek yoğunlukta solunum eforunun azalmasına katkıda bulunacağını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Aerobik kapasite; anaerobik güç; basketbol; solunum kas antrenmanı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of four weeks of respiratory muscle training on pulmonary functions and aerobic and anaerobic performance in male basketball players. Material and Methods: According to the non-randomized control group research design, 20 male basketball players, consisting of 10 subjects (age: 28.10±4.51 years, height: 194.30±8.17 cm, weight: 94.76±10.70 kg) and 10 controls (age: 18.70±0.95 years, height: 180.60±2.22, weight: 69.50±8.74 kg) participated in this study voluntarily. In the study, the experimental group practiced inspiratory muscle training (IMT) for four weeks in addition to pre-season preparatory training, while the control group continued their routine training. IMT was performed for 4 weeks with the POWERbreathe Classic (IMT Technologies Ltd. Birmingham, UK) model, equivalent to 40% of the maximal inspiratory pressure value, repeated twice a day, 5 days a week. The paired sample t-test was used for the comparison of all parameters between pre-post tests and the independent sample t-test was used for the analysis of the mean difference between groups. Results: After IMT a 13.29% change was observed in the forced vital capacity in the experimental group (p<0.05). In addition, Time to peak increased by 28.64% and Peak power increased by 5.66%. In the control group, there was no significant change in all parameters after Wingate test (p>0.05). VO2max mean value increased by 14.74% (p<0.008) and control increased by 7.50% (p<0.006). Conclusion: The findings of this study have shown that IMT can be highly useful for basketball players, improving respiratory muscles, reducing of inspiratory muscle fatigue, contributing to better respiratory efficiency as well as reducing highintensity respiratory effort.

Keywords: Aerobic capacity; anaerobic power; basketball; respiratory muscle training
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