Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Erişkinlerde COVID-19'a Karşı Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları
Current Treatment Approaches for COVID-19'in Adults
Selim GÖKa, Ömer Faruk BAHÇECİOĞLUa, Sema ARISOYb
aİnönü Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Klinik Eczacılık ABD, Malatya, TÜRKİYE
bİnönü Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmasötik Biyoteknoloji ABD, Malatya, TÜRKİYE
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2021;10(1):98-108
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-76188
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu-koronavirüs-2, Aralık 2019'da Çin'in Wuhan şehrinde tespit edilmiş yeni bir koronavirüstür. Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] için spesifik bir terapötik ajan mevcut değildir. Hastalığın tedavisi ve yayılımının önlenmesi seyahat kısıtlamaları, hasta izolasyonu ve destekleyici tıbbi bakım ile sağlanmaktadır. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı COVID19 tedavi kılavuzunda hidroksiklorokin, lopinavir/ritonavir, azitromisin, favipiravir ve interlökin-6 inhibitörlerine yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca Amerikan Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi [U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)] tarafından remdesivir, deneysel kullanım için onaylanmıştır. Ağır pnömonisi olan veya hidroksiklorokin tedavisi altındayken semptomları ilerleyen hastalarda ise favipiravir (tek başına veya azitromisin ile kombine) tercih edilmektedir. Lopinavir/ritonavir ise ülkemizde COVID19 tanılı gebelerin tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Tedavide kullanılan hidroksiklorokin, klorokin, azitromisin ve lopinavir/ritonavir, QT aralığını uzatmaktadır. Bu ilaçların tek başına veya eş zamanlı kullanımı ile aritmi ilişkili ölüm riskinin artabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle hastaların elektrokardiyogramları yakından takip edilmelidir. Lopinavir/ritonavirin güçlü CYP3A4 inhibitörü, azitromisinin ise p-glikoprotein/ABCB1 inhibitörü olması nedeniyle bu 2 ilacın, diğer ilaçlarla beraber kullanımı, klinik olarak önemli ilaç etkileşimlerine neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, FDA ve T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından önerilen COVID-19'un mevcut tedavileri, uluslararası klinik çalışmalar incelenerek değerlendirilmiştir. Hastalığın sağaltımı için etkinliği klinik çalışmalarla kanıtlanmış bir tedavi şekli henüz bulunmamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 mevcut tedavisi; COVID-19 ilaçları
ABSTRACT
 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 is a new coronavirus detected in Wuhan, China on December 2, 2019. There is no specific therapeutic agent for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Treatment and prevention are provided by travel restrictions, patient isolation and supportive medical care. Hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, azithromycin, favipiravir and interleukin-6 inhibitor are offered for COVID-19 treatment in Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health guidelines. In addition, remdesivir has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for experimental use. Favipiravir (alone or in combination with azithromycin) is preferred for patients with severe pneumonia or whose symptoms progress while under hydroxychloroquine treatment. Lopinavir/ritonavir is used in the treatment of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19. Hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azithromycin and lopinavir/ritonavir used in the treatment of COVID19 prolong the QT interval. This treatment may increase the risk of arrhythmia-related death. Thus, electrocardiograms of the patients should be closely monitored. Because lopinavir/ritonavir is a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and azithromycin is a p-glycoprotein/ABCB1 inhibitor, the use of these two drugs in combination with other drugs may cause clinically significant drug interactions. In this study, the current treatments of COVID-19 recommended by FDA and Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health were evaluated by examining international clinical trials. There is no treatment option for this disease, the effectiveness of which has been proven by clinical studies.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 current treatment; COVID-19 drugs
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"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com