Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Erişkin Kanser Hastalarının Aile Bakım Vericilerinin Bakım Verme Yükü ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Evaluation of the Caregiver Burden of Family Caregivers of Adult Cancer Patients and the Factors Affecting Their Burden
Aysel GÜRKANa, Yeşim DİKMEN AYDINa, İnci KIRTILa, Sıdıka OĞUZb
aMarmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
bMarmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(3):457-67
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-78919
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Erişkin kanser hastalarının, aile bakım vericilerinin bakım verme yükünü ve etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel türdeki çalışma, Ocak-Şubat 2015 tarihleri arasında İstanbul Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nin kemoterapi ve radyasyon onkolojisi kliniklerinde ayaktan tedavi gören, dâhil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 169 hasta ve bu hastaların aile bakım vericileriyle gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, kişisel bilgi formu ve Zarit Bakım Verme Yükü Ölçeği (BVYÖ) kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Aile bakım vericilerin yaş ortalaması 43,6±13,8 olan çoğu kadın, hastanın çocuğu ve BVYÖ toplam puan ortalamaları 33,8±15,6 olarak bulundu. Kadın, eğitim düzeyi düşük, 45 yaş ve üstü, hastanın ebeveyni ve eşi olan, herhangi bir işte çalışmayan, bir sağlık sorunu bulunan, geliri giderinden az ve bakım verici rolü nedeniyle aile/iş yaşamındaki rol/sorumlulukları etkilenen bakım vericilerin BVYÖ puan ortalamaları daha yüksekti. Bakım verirken, çeşitli konularda güçlük yaşamayan aile bakım vericilere göre güçlük yaşayanların BVYÖ puan ortalamaları daha yüksekti. Hastaların öz bakım aktivitelerini gerçekleştirmede bağımlılık düzeyi arttıkça, bakım vericilerin BVYÖ puan ortalamalarının da arttığı görüldü. Sonuç: Çalışma bulguları, erişkin kanser hastalarının aile bakım vericilerinin algıladıkları bakım yükünün orta düzeyde olduğunu ve bakım yükünün hastaya ve bakım vericiye ait çeşitli faktörlerden etkilendiğini gösterdi. Hemşirelerin, bakım verme yükünü düzenli aralıklarla değerlendirmeleri, bakım yükünün yüksek olduğu alanların iyileştirilmesine yönelik eğitim ve danışmanlık sağlamaları önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanser; aile bakım verici; bakım yükü; hemşirelik bakımı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the caregiver burden of family caregivers of adult cancer patients and factors affecting their burden. Material and Methods: This descriptivecross-sectional study was carried out with 169 patients, who were treated in the chemotherapy and radiation oncology outpatient clinics of İstanbul Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital between January-February 2015 and met the inclusion criteria, and their family caregivers. Data were collected using personal information form and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). Results: Average age of family caregivers was 43.6±13.8, most of them were women, were the children of patients, and mean total ZBI score was found as 33.8±15.6. Mean ZBI scores of those who are women, with low education level, 45 years of age and over, patient's parent and spouse, who do not work, have a health problem, whose income is less than expenses, whose roles/responsibilities in family/work life are affected by the caregiving role were higher. Mean ZBI scores of family caregivers who have difficulties in various issues while providing care were higher, and as the dependence level of patients in performing self-care activities increased, mean ZBI scores were increased. Conclusion: Study findings showed that caregiver burden perceived by family caregivers is moderate, and caregiver burden is affected by various factors belonging to patient or caregiver. It is recommended that nurses regularly assess the caregiver burden and provide training and counselling in improving the areas where caregiver burden is high.

Keywords: Cancer; family caregiver; caregiver burden; nursing care
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