Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

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Erişkin Bireylere Verilen Beslenme Eğitiminin Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği ile Değerlendirilmesi: Deneysel Çalışma
Evaluating Nutrition Education for Adults with the Nutrition Knowledge Level for Adults Scale: An Experimental Study
Nadide Gizem TARAKÇI FİLİZa , Eftal GEÇGİL DEMİRa , Mehmet FİLİZb
aİstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksekokulu, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
bAmasya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü, Amasya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):652-62
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-101478
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, erişkin bireylere verilen beslenme eğitiminin Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi (YETBİD) Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Şubat-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul'un çeşitli ilçelerinde yaşayan, gönüllü, 18-79 yaş arası katılımcılar üzerinde yapılmıştır. Bu araştırma da deneysel araştırma desenlerinden tek grup ön-test ve son-test deseni kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, örneklem sayısı 525 olarak hesaplanmış ve örnekleme yöntemi olarak kota örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kotaların oluşturulmasında Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün beden kitle indeksi sınıflandırması dikkate alınmış ve üç grup oluşturulmuştur. Bu nedenden dolayı, her bir grupta 175 katılımcı yer alana kadar çalışmaya katılımcılar kabul edilmiştir. Yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile katılımcılara sosyo-demografik ve beslenme bilgilerin sorgulandığı anket formu, YETBİD Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Antropometrik bazı ölçümler alınmıştır. Ardından, diyetisyen katılımcılara tek seferlik beslenme eğitimi vermiştir. Eğitimin hemen sonrasında YETBİD Ölçeği tekrar uygulanmıştır. Beslenme bilgi skoru, besin tercihi skoru, Görsel Analog Ölçeği-1 [Visual Analog Scale-1 (VAS1)] ve VAS2 verilerinin çeşitli demografik değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek üzere bağımlı t-testi, bağımsız t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve ''post hoc'' Tukey HSD testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların beslenme bilgi skoru, VAS1 skoru, besin tercihi skoru ve VAS2 skoru beslenme eğitimi sonrasında anlamlı olarak artmıştır (p<0,05). Beslenme eğitimi aldıktan sonra kadın ve erkeklerin beslenme bilgi ve besin tercih skorlarının arttığı ve birbirine yaklaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Beslenme eğitimi aldıktan sonra daha önce beslenme bilgilendirmesi almış ve almamış bireylerin beslenme bilgi skorlarının arttığı ve birbirine yaklaştığı, besin tercih skorlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Erişkinlerin sağlıklı beslenme konusunda bilinç kazanmalarını sağlamak için beslenme uzmanları tarafından, belirli aralıklarla tekrarlanan, sürdürülebilir ve zamana yayılmış eğitimler verilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Beslenme eğitimi; beslenme bilgi düzeyi; besin tercihi; erişkin
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to evaluate nutrition education with the Nutrition Knowledge Level for Adults (NKLA) Scale. Material and Methods: This study was conducted between February-June 2022. Participants lived in various districts of İstanbul, and their ages varied from 18 to 79. In this research, a single group pretest-posttest design was used. In this research, the sample size was computed as 525, and quota sampling method was used as a sampling method. According to the World Health Organizations body mass index classification, three groups were created, and each group included 175 participants. A dietician conducted face-to-face surveys with participants by using the socio-demographic information form and NKLA Scale. Some anthropometric measures were obtained. Then, the participants received nutrition education one time. Afterwards, the NKLA scale was carried out again. Dependent t-tests, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance and ''post hoc'' Tukey HSD tests were used to determine whether Nutrition Knowledge Score, Food Preference Score, Visual Analog Scale-1 (VAS1) and VAS2 data varied based on various demographic variables. Results: After receiving nutrition education, the participants' nutrition knowledge score, VAS1 score, food preference score and VAS2 score increased significantly (p<0.05). Additionally, men and women participants improved their nutritional knowledge and food preference scores, and their scores got closer to each other. Moreover, individuals who have received nutrition education and those who have not received nutrition education increased their nutrition knowledge scores, and these scores become closer to each other. They also increased their food preference scores. Conclusion: To raise adults' awareness about healthy nutrition, nutritionists should provide training at regular intervals. It should also be sustainable and spread over time.

Keywords: Nutrition education; nutrition knowledge level; food preference; adult
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