Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ebeveyn Görüşlerine Dayalı Pragmatik İletişim Değerlendirme Ölçeği'nin Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği: Metodolojik Çalışma
Development, Validity and Reliability of the Pragmatic Communication Assessment Scale Based on Parental Perspectives: Methodological Study
Hale HANÇERa , Saniye Merve ZEYBEKb
aBaşkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Odyoloji ve Konuşma Bozuklukları Doktora Programı, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):729-39
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-103265
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, okul-çağı dönem çocukları için pragmatik iletişim becerilerini ebeveyn görüşlerine dayalı değerlendiren Pragmatik İletişim Değerlendirme Ölçeği'ni (PİDÖ) geliştirmek, geçerlik ve güvenirliğini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Alanyazın taranarak 28 maddeli, Likert tipi PİDÖ geliştirildi. İçerik geçerliği için uzman görüşleri ile kapsam geçerliği, ön çalışma verileri ile yüzey geçerliği belirlendi (sırasıyla kapsam geçerlik indeksi 1,0 ve 0,96). Türkiye'nin bölgelerini temsil edecek şekilde il ve ilçelerden katılımcıların ebeveynleri dâhil edildi. Buna göre 6-14 yaş arası 325 tipik gelişim gösteren, 88 özel gereksinimli katılımcının ebeveyni tarafından PİDÖ, katılımcıların öğretmenleri tarafından Pragmatik Dil Beceri Envanteri (PDBE) çevrim içi olarak dolduruldu. Elde edilen verilerle madde analizi, faktör analizi, yapı ve ölçüt geçerliği, iç tutarlık ve yarıya bölme güvenirliği ve kesme puanlarının belirlenmesi için ROC eğrisi analizleri gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Madde analizi ile madde-toplam madde korelasyonu 0,30'un üstünde 27 madde bulundu. PİDÖ üç faktörde açıklandı ve doğrulandı. Yapı geçerliğinde ölçeğin alt ölçeklerle ilişkisi 0,70-0,90 arasında elde edildi. Ölçeğin katılımcı grupları ve alt-üst %27'lik dilimleri ayırt edebildiği belirlendi (her biri p<0,001). Ölçüt geçerliğinde PDBE ile iyi düzeyde ilişkili bulundu (r=0,70). İç tutarlık (r=0,79-0,93) ve yarıya bölme güvenirliği (r=0,86-0,95) yüksek düzeyde bulundu. ROC eğrisi analizi ile kesme puanları ilkokulda 29, ortaokulda 33 puan olarak belirlendi. Sonuç: PİDÖ'nün geçerli ve güvenilir olduğunu destekleyen bulgulara ulaşıldı ve kesme puanları belirlendi. Alanyazına pragmatik becerileri ebeveyn görüşlerine dayalı değerlendiren bir ölçek kazandırılmış oldu.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Pragmatik dil; pragmatik dil bozukluğu; değerlendirme; ölçek geliştirme
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to develop the Pragmatic Communication Assessment Scale (PCAS) based on caregiver perspectives to evaluate pragmatic communication skills in school-aged children and to determine its validity and reliability. Material and Methods: A 28-item Likert-type PCAS was developed through literature review. Content validity was determined with expert opinions, and face validity was established using preliminary data (content validity index were 1.0 and 0.96, respectively). Caregivers of 325 typically developing children and 88 children with special needs aged 6-14 from various regions of Türkiye completed the PCAS, and participants' teachers completed the Pragmatic Language Skills Inventory (PLSI) online. The data obtained were subjected to item analysis, factor analysis, construct and criterion validity, internal consistency, split-half reliability, and ROC curve analyses to determine the cut-off scores. Results: Item analysis revealed 27 items with item-total item correlations above 0.30. The PCAS was explained and confirmed on the basis of three factors. The PCAS's correlation with subscales ranged from 0.70 to 0.90 in construct validity. The PCAS could differentiate between participant groups and the upper-lower 27% (all p<0.001). Criterion validity showed a good correlation with PLSI (r=0.70). Internal consistency (r=0.79-0.93) and split-half reliability (r=0.86-0.95) were found to be high. The cut-off scores were determined to be 29 for primary school and 33 for middle school. Conclusion: The findings supported the validity and reliability of the PCAS, and the cut-off scores were determined. This study contributes to the literature by introducing a scale that assesses pragmatic skills based on parental perspectives.

Keywords: Pragmatic language; pragmatic language impairment; assessment; scale development
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