Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Doğum Salonunda Çalışan Ebe ve Hemşirelerin Doğum Ağrısının Yönetiminde Kullanılan Nonfarmakolojik Yöntemleri Bilme ve Kullanma Durumları
The Knowledge and Use of Nonpharmacological Methods in the Management of Labor Pain by Nurses and Midwives Working in Delivery Rooms
Neslihan YILMAZ SEZERa, Gülten KOÇb
aAnkara Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bHacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2020;5(3):432-8
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2019-70861
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Araştırma, doğum salonunda çalışan ebe ve hemşirelerin, doğum ağrısının yönetiminde kullanılan nonfarmokolojik yöntemleri bilme ve kullanma durumlarını belirlemek ve elde edilen sonuçların, eğitim programlarına ışık tutması amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, Ankara'da bulunan doğum ve kadın sağlığı ile ilgili 3 eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin doğum salonlarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini, bu hastanelerin doğum salonlarında çalışan toplam 111 ebe/hemşire, örneklemini ise araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 100 ebe/hemşire oluşturmuştur, evrenin %90,1'ine ulaşılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan veri oplama formu ile toplanmıştır. Ebe/hemşirelerin, nonfarmakolojik yöntemleri bilme ve kullanma durumları kendi ifadeleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılanların %84,0'ının ebe, %35,0'ının lise mezunu olduğu, yaş ortalamasının 31,3±6,9; çalışma süresi ortalamasının 10,25±7,6; doğum salonunda çalışma süresi ortalamasının ise 3,0±2,85 yıl olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ebe/hemşirelerin en fazla bildikleri nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerin dokunma ve masaj (%83,0), solunum teknikleri (%83,0) ve hidroterapi (%83,0); en fazla kullandıkları yöntemlerin ise solunum teknikleri (%77,0), hareket ve pozisyon (%76,0) ile dokunma ve masaj (%73,0) olduğu saptanmıştır. Ebe/hemşirelerin %75,0'ı, doğum ağrısı yönetiminde kendilerini yetersiz bulduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Doğum ağrısı yönetimine ilişkin bilgi alan ebe/hemşirelerin, doğum ağrısı yönetiminde nonfarmakolojik yöntemleri kullanmada kendilerini daha yeterli buldukları saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Doğum salonunda çalışan ebe ve hemşirelere, nonfarmakolojik yöntemler konusunda hizmet içi eğitimlerin düzenlenmesi, bu konuların ebelik ve hemşirelik mezuniyet öncesi eğitim programlarına entegre edilmesi, doğum salonunda ebe ve hemşire başına düşen hasta sayısının uluslararası standartlara uygun hâle getirilmesi, ebe ve hemşirelerin bu konudaki yetki kısıtlılıklarının ortadan kaldırılması, doğum salonlarının fiziki şartlarının düzenlenmesi ve gerekli malzeme temininin sağlanması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşire; ebe; doğum ağrısı; ağrı yönetimi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This is a descriptive study that aims to determine the level of knowledge and practice of nonpharmacological methods employed in the management of labor pain by nurses and midwives working in delivery rooms and to provide valuable input for training programs to be organized around this topic. Material and Methods: The study was carried out in the delivery rooms of three training and research hospitals in Ankara concentrating on childbirth and women's health. The research universe consisted of a total of 111 nurses and midwives working in the delivery rooms of these hospitals, and the sample was 100 midwives / nurses who agreed to participate in the study while the sample comprised 90.1% of the researchuniverse. Data were collected using a data collection form prepared by the researcher. The level of knowledge and practice of nonpharmacological methods by nurses and midwives were evaluated on the basis of their responses. Descriptive tests and chi-squared tests were utilized in the statistical evaluation of data. Results: Of all participants, 84.0% were midwives, and 35% had a high school degree. The participants had a mean age of 31.3±6.9, a mean working time is in 10.25 ± 7.6, a mean term of working in delivery room 3.0±2.85. The most commonly known methods among the participants were touching and massage (83.0%), breathing techniques (83.0%), and hydrotherapy (83.0%), while the most commonly used methods were breathing techniques (77.0%), movement and position change (76.0%), and touching and massage (73.0%). 75% of the participants stated that they found themselves insufficient about the management of labor pain. Nurses and midwives who had previous training on the management of labor pain were found to find themselves more sufficient in using nonpharmacological methods for the management of labor pain (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is recommended that nurses and midwives working in delivery rooms undergo an in-service training program in light of the results of the present study, that the use of nonpharmacological methods in the management of labor pain be integrated into the undergraduate curricula of midwifery and nursing programs and it is proposed to bring the number of patients per midwife and nurse in the delivery room in line with international standards, to eliminate the restrictions of the midwives and nurses on this subject, to regulate the physical conditions of the delivery rooms and to provide the necessary supplies.

Keywords: Nurse; midwife; labor pain; pain management
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