Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde COVID-19 Fobisi ile Depresyon ve Anksiyete Arasındaki İlişkide Psikolojik Sağlamlığın Aracılık Rolünün İncelenmesi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Investigation of the Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience in the Relationship Between COVID-19 Phobia, Depression and Anxiety in Faculty of Dentistry Students: Descriptive Recearch
Hatice Deniz ÖZDEMİRa
aİstanbul Esenyurt Üniversitesi Sanat ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Klinik Psikoloji ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):822-33
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-99015
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinde koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] fobisi, depresyon, anksiyete, psikolojik sağlamlık ilişkilerini ve aynı zamanda COVID-19 fobisi ile anksiyete ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik sağlamlığın aracılık rolünü araştırmaktır. Ayrıca salgın sürecinde riskli bir grup olabileceği düşünülen diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinin anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerinin incelenmesi de hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte tasarlanan bu araştırmaya katılan bireylerin seçimi amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ağız ve diş tedavisi yaptıkları için COVID-19 açısından riskli bir grup olabileceği düşünülen Trakya Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi öğrencilerinden oluşan 112 kişi (4 ve 5. sınıf ) araştırma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Okul e-posta ve okul WhatsApp gruplarından gönderilen erişim linkleri ile toplanan verilerin betimleyici analizleri için SPSS 22.0; COVID-19 fobisi ile anksiyete ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik sağlamlığın aracılık rolünü incelemek için LİSREL 8.80 programları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda COVID-19 fobisi ile depresyon ve COVID-19 fobisi ile anksiyete arasında orta düzeyde pozitif ilişki; COVID-19 ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasında orta düzeyde negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Psikolojik sağlamlık ile depresyon ve anksiyete arasında negatif yönde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca psikolojik sağlamlığın COVID-19 fobisi ile depresyon arasındaki ilişkide güçlü aracılık; COVID-19 fobisi ile anksiyete arasındaki ilişkide kısmi aracılık etkisinin olduğu da tespit edilmiştir. Örneklem sayısının azlığı bulguların genellenebilirliğine gölge düşürmüş olmasına rağmen araştırma sonuçları literatüre önemli katkıda bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Kişilerin salgın ya da benzeri afet durumlarında anksiyete ve depresyondan korunmaları için psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerini artıracak ve destekleyecek çalışma ve programlara öncelik verilmesi önerilmektedir. Bu süreçte tüm sağlık çalışanları gibi riskli bir grup olan diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerine ve diş hekimlerine hızlı ve kapsamlı psikolojik ve psikiyatrik destek sunulmasının önemi ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Anksiyete; COVID-19 fobisi; depresyon; psikolojik sağlamlık; sağlık çalışanları
ABSTRACT
 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships among coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) phobia, depression, anxiety, and psychological resilience in dental students, as well as the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between COVID-19 phobia and anxiety and depression. Additionally, the study aimed to examine the levels of anxiety and depression among dental school students, who are considered a high-risk group during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, the sample consisted of 112 students (4th and 5th year) from the Faculty of Dentistry at Trakya University, who are considered a high-risk group for COVID-19 due to their involvement in oral and dental treatments. Data were collected through access links sent via school emails and WhatsApp groups, and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and LISREL 8.80 programs. Results: The findings of the study indicated a moderate positive relationship between COVID-19 phobia and depression, a moderate positive relationship between COVID-19 phobia and anxiety, and a moderate negative relationship between COVID-19 phobia and psychological resilience. A negative relationship was also found between psychological resilience and both depression and anxiety. Additionally, psychological resilience was found to have a strong mediating effect in the relationship between COVID-19 phobia and depression, and a partial mediating effect in the relationship between COVID-19 phobia and anxiety. Despite the limited sample size potentially affecting the generalizability of the results, the study provides valuable contributions to the literature. Conclusion: It is recommended to prioritize interventions and programs that enhance and support psychological resilience in order to protect individuals from anxiety and depression during pandemics or similar disasters. The importance of providing rapid and comprehensive psychological and psychiatric support to dental students and dentists, who are a high-risk group like other healthcare professionals, has been emphasized.

Keywords: Anxiety; COVID-19 phobia; depression; resilience; healthcare workers
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