Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determining and Improving Healthcare Students' Knowledge and Attitudes About HIV/AIDS: A Pretest-Posttest Quasi-Experimental Study
Sağlık Öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS Konusundaki Bilgi ve Tutumlarının Tespiti ve Geliştirilmesi: Ön Test-Son Test Yarı Deneysel Çalışma
Esma GÖKÇEa , Demet ÖZERa
aToros University Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Mersin, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2025;10(1):206-15
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-104859
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study aimed to assess and enhance the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare students regarding Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and, evaluate the impact of educational interventions on these variables. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study, conducted from January to July 2023, followed a pretest-posttest design, with 126 students enrolled in a university's vocational school of health services Data were collected using a ''Personal Information Form'' and ''the AIDS Knowledge and Attitude Scales''. The students received inperson training from expert clinicians and were provided with a brochure designed by researchers. Data were collected at 2 points: before training (pretest) and after training (posttest). Results: The HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude levels of healthcare students participating in the study were found to be at an intermediate level prior to the training, with a statistically significant increase observed in these levels following the training (p<0.001). Furthermore, a positive, albeit weak and statistically significant correlation was observed between the knowledge and attitude levels before (p=0.012) and after (p=0.010) the training. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need to improve HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes among healthcare students. The educational intervention proved to be effective, leading to significant improvements in both domains. Moreover, an increase in knowledge positively affected attitudes.

Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; health attitudes; student health service; health education
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık öğrencilerinin İnsan Bağışıklık Yetmezliği Virüsü [Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)]/ Edinilmiş İmmün Yetersizliği Sendromu [Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)] ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumlarını değerlendirmek, geliştirmek ve bu değişkenler üzerindeki eğitsel müdahalelerin etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Ocak-Temmuz 2023 tarihleri arasında bir üniversitenin sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören 126 öğrencinin katılımıyla, ön test-son test yarı deneysel modele göre yürütülmüştür. Veri toplamada ''Kişisel Bilgi Formu'' ile ''AIDS Bilgi ve Tutum Ölçekleri'' kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilere uzman klinisyenlerle birlikte yüz yüze eğitim ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan bilgilendirme broşürü verilmiştir. Veriler eğitim öncesi ön test, eğitim sonrası son test olacak şekilde 2 aşamada toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan sağlık öğrencilerinin, HIV/AIDS bilgi ve tutum düzeylerinin eğitim öncesi orta seviyede olduğu ve eğitimden sonra bu düzeylerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,001). Ayrıca yapılan korelasyonda bilgi ve tutum düzeyleri arasında, eğitim öncesi (p=0,012) ile eğitim sonrasında (p=0,010) pozitif yönde, zayıf derecede ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu bulgular, sağlık öğrencileri arasında HIV/AIDS ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumların geliştirilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Eğitsel müdahale, her iki alanda da önemli iyileşmelere yol açmış ve bilgi artışının tutumları olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İnsan bağışıklık yetmezliği virüsü; edinilmiş immün yetmezlik sendromu; sağlık tutumları; öğrenci sağlık hizmetleri; sağlık eğitimi
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