Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of the Care Needs of Individuals Over 65 in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde 65 Yaş Üstü Bireylerin Bakım Gereksinimlerinin Belirlenmesi: Nitel Çalışma
Esma ÖZMAYAa, Sevda UZUNb, Nurşen KULAKAÇb
aDepartment of Health Care, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Vocational School of Health Services, Karaman, Türkiye
bDepartment of Nursing, Gümüşhane University Faculty of Health Sciences, Gümüşhane, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(2):456-64
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2021-84970
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the care needs of individuals over 65 during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Material and Methods: The study was carried out phenomenologically with a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews. It was conducted with 15 individuals over 65 living in various geographical regions in Türkiye. The data were collected through phone interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. Results: The sociodemographic data of the individuals demonstrated that eight participants were male and seven were female. The mean age was 71.4±6.25 (minimum-maximum, 65-82). Ten of them were single, seven were 65-70 years old, and ten were retired. Eleven of them were primary school graduates. All individuals over the age of sixty-five have health insurance. In addition, 14 of the individuals have chronic physical illness and 2 have chronic mental illness. In this study, the findings of COVID-19 were analyzed and it is divided into 2 categories as properties and unmet needs. In the category of characteristics of COVID-19, perceived characteristics, experienced while results and management/coping styles were the determined themes, physical, psychological, social, and information themes were the themes identified in the unmet needs category. Over the age of 65 in the process of the COVID-19 pandemic shopping, paying the bills and walking codes are in the first place on the theme of physically unmet needs of individuals, while reputation and independence codes are in the first place on the theme of spiritually unmet side needs has been identified. Finally, the codes of not being able to communicate with loved ones and participate in the community were included in the socially unmet needs. Conclusion: The study revealed that individuals over 65 need support to improve their quality of care during the pandemic. They found COVID-19 deadly and dangerous, and they experienced anxiety and fear during this period. They had difficulties in activities such as shopping, paying the bills, and taking medicine, and their needs are met by others. They experienced problems about independence, dignity, lack of satisfaction of love needs, and limited communication with loved ones, leading to disruptions in the quality of life.

Keywords: Pandemic; need for care; individuals over 65; qualitative research
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisi sürecinde 65 yaş üstü bireylerin bakım gereksinimlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle nitel bir yaklaşım kullanılarak, fenomenolojik bir anlayış doğrultusunda yapılmıştır. Çalışma Türkiye'nin farklı coğrafi bölgelerinde bulunan 65 yaş üstü bireylerle toplam 15 telefon görüşmesi yapılarak gerçekleştirildi. Veriler Colaizzi'nin 7 aşamalı yöntemiyle analiz edildi. Bulgular: Bireylerin sosyodemografik verilerine baktığımızda 8 birey erkek, 7 birey kadındır. Yaş ortalaması 71,4±6,25'dir (minimum-maksimum, 65-82). Altmış beş yaş üstü bireylerin 10'u bekâr, 7'si 65-70 yaş aralığında olup bireylerin 10'u emeklidir. Altmış beş yaş üstü bireylerin 11'i ilkokul mezunu olup tamamının sağlık güvencesi bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca bireylerin 14'ü kronik fiziksel hastalığa sahip ve 2'sinin kronik ruhsal hastalığı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma da bulgular analiz edilerek COVID-19'un özellikleri ve karşılanmamış ihtiyaçlar olarak 2 kategoriye ayrılmıştır. COVID-19'un özellikleri kategorisinde algılanan özellikler, deneyimlenen sonuçlar ve yönetim/başa çıkma tarzları belirlenen temalar iken karşılanmamış ihtiyaçlar kategorisinde fiziksel, psikolojik, sosyal, bilgi temaları belirlenen temalar olmuştur. COVID-19 salgını sürecinde 65 yaş üstü bireylerin fiziksel olarak karşılanmamış ihtiyaçları temasında alışveriş, fatura ve yürüyüş kodları ilk sıralarda yer alırken, ruhsal olarak karşılanmayan ihtiyaçları temasında itibar ve bağımsızlık kodları ilk sıralarda belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bireylerin sosyal olarak karşılanmamış ihtiyaçları, sevilen insanlarla iletişim kuramama ve toplum içinde yer alamama temaları yer almaktadır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, 65 yaş üstü bireylerin küresel bir salgın sürecinde bakım kalitelerinin artırılması için desteğe ihtiyaç duyduklarına işaret etmektedir. Çalışmamızda 65 yaş üstü bireylerin COVID-19'u ölümcül, tehlikeli buldukları; süreçte anksiyete ve korku yaşadıkları saptanmıştır. Pandemi sürecinde 65 yaş üstü bireylerin alışveriş, fatura, ilaç alma gibi aktivitelerde zorluk yaşadıkları ve başkalarının desteğiyle ihtiyaçlarının karşılandığı belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin bağımsızlık, itibar, sevgi gereksiniminin yeterince karşılanmaması ve sevilen insanlarla iletişim kısıtlılığı gibi alanlarda sorunlar olduğu, bu yaşanan sorunların 65 yaş üstü bireylerin yaşam kalitelerini olumsuz etkilediği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Pandemi; bakım gereksinimi; 65 yaş üstü bireyler; nitel araştırma
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Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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