Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of Child Abuse Potential and Related Factors of Mothers with Children with Down Syndrome: A Descriptive Study
Down Sendromlu Çocuğu Olan Annelerin Çocuk İstismarı Potansiyeli ve İlişkili Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Damla ÖZÇEVİK SUBAŞIa, Ayşe Ferda OCAKÇIb
aGraduate School of Health Sciences Koç University, İstanbul, TURKEY
bDepartment of Child Health and Diseases, Koç University School of Nursing, İstanbul, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(3):484-92
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-79108
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Amaç: Engelli çocuklar, akranlarına göre istismarla daha fazla karşılaşmasına karşın sınırlı sayıda çalışma engelli çocukları kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Down sendromlu çocuğu olan annelerin istismar potansiyeli riskini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, kesitsel bir tasarım kullanılarak İstanbul'da engelli çocuklar için özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde gerçekleştirildi. Veri toplama sürecinde 2 farklı form kullanılmıştır: Katılımcı Veri Toplama Formu ve Ebeveynler için Kötüye Kullanım Farkındalık Ölçeği. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis H testi, Bonferoni düzeltmeli Mann-Whitney U testi ve çoklu regresyon analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Annelerin eğitim düzeyi, çocuk sayısı, aile tipi, mesleği, algılanan sosyoekonomik durumu, algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi ve çocukluğunda istismara uğradığını düşünme durumu ile Ebeveynler için Kötüye Kullanım Farkındalık Ölçeği puan ortalaması arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Down sendromlu çocuğu olan annelerin istismar potansiyellerinin orta düzey olduğu belirlenmiştir. Annelerin istismar potansiyellerinin %53,7'si 4 bağımsız değişken (aile tipi, çalışma durumu, algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi ve annelerin çocukluğunda istismar edildiğini düşünme durumu) tarafından açıklandığı saptanmıştır. İstismar düzeylerini düşürmek ve annelerin farkındalığını artırmak için çocuk istismarı ve ihmali konusunda eğitim alan hemşirelerin, öncelikle geniş veya parçalanmış aile tipindeki, çalışmayan ve algılanan sosyal desteği düşük annelere eğitim vermesi önerilir.

Keywords: Child abuse; nursing; Down syndrome; mother; abuse awareness
ÖZET
 Amaç: Engelli çocuklar, akranlarına göre istismarla daha fazla karşılaşmasına karşın sınırlı sayıda çalışma engelli çocukları kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Down sendromlu çocuğu olan annelerin istismar potansiyeli riskini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, kesitsel bir tasarım kullanılarak İstanbul'da engelli çocuklar için özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezlerinde gerçekleştirildi. Veri toplama sürecinde 2 farklı form kullanılmıştır: Katılımcı Veri Toplama Formu ve Ebeveynler için Kötüye Kullanım Farkındalık Ölçeği. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis H testi, Bonferoni düzeltmeli Mann-Whitney U testi ve çoklu regresyon analiziyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Annelerin eğitim düzeyi, çocuk sayısı, aile tipi, mesleği, algılanan sosyoekonomik durumu, algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi ve çocukluğunda istismara uğradığını düşünme durumu ile Ebeveynler için Kötüye Kullanım Farkındalık Ölçeği puan ortalaması arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Down sendromlu çocuğu olan annelerin istismar potansiyellerinin orta düzey olduğu belirlenmiştir. Annelerin istismar potansiyellerinin %53,7'si 4 bağımsız değişken (aile tipi, çalışma durumu, algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi ve annelerin çocukluğunda istismar edildiğini düşünme durumu) tarafından açıklandığı saptanmıştır. İstismar düzeylerini düşürmek ve annelerin farkındalığını artırmak için çocuk istismarı ve ihmali konusunda eğitim alan hemşirelerin, öncelikle geniş veya parçalanmış aile tipindeki, çalışmayan ve algılanan sosyal desteği düşük annelere eğitim vermesi önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk istismarı; hemşirelik; Down sendromu; anne; istismar farkındalığı
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