Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Pandemisinin 4. Dalgasında 18-24 Yaşları Arasındaki Gençlerde Ruhsal Belirtiler ve İlişkili Faktörler: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma
Mental Symptoms and Associated Factors in Young People Aged 18-24 in the 4th Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross Sectional Study
Umut TARHANa , Zeynep ŞİMŞEKb
aİstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Programlar Enstitüsü, Travma ve Afet Çalışmaları Uygulamalı Ruh Sağlığı Programı, İstanbul, Türkiye
bİstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Sağlık Yönetimi Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(3):590-9
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-98187
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Gençlik dönemi kırılganlığın en yüksek olduğu gelişim dönemlerinden biridir. Bu araştırmada, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisinin 4. dalgasında 18-24 yaşları arasındaki gençlerde ruhsal belirtiler ve ilişkili faktörler incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırmaya 18-24 yaşları arasında 283 genç çevrim içi yöntemle katılmıştır. Veri toplamada Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Genel Sağlık Anketi (GSA-12), Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Kontrol Listesi ve COVID-19 Algısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: İki ve üzerinde ruhsal semptom (GSA12) görülme sıklığı %74,7; travma sonrası stres bozukluğu görülme sıklığı ise %52,7'dir. Gençlerin %59,7'si pandemi döneminde başta COVID-19 nedeniyle yakınlarını kaybetme (%27,8) olmak üzere en az bir travmatik olay deneyimlediğini bildirmiştir. Lojistik regresyon analizine dayalı olarak ruhsal semptomları sırasıyla; içe dönük kişiliğe sahip olduğunu bildirme 6,3 kat (%95 GA 3,5-11,5), sosyal destek yokluğu 3,4 kat (%95 GA 1,8-6), herhangi bir sağlık sorununa sahip olma 3,3 kat (%95 GA 1,5-7,2), eğitime erişim sorunu yaşama 2,1 kat (%95 GA 1,2-3,7) ve gelirin ihtiyaçları karşılamaması 1,7 kat (%95 GA 1,04- 2,9) artırmıştır. Katılımcıların %44,2'si pandemi döneminde ruh sağlığı desteğine ihtiyaç duyduğunu, ancak dört gençten biri ruh sağlığı hizmetine erişebildiğini bildirmiştir. Sonuç: Bulgulara dayalı olarak, pandemilere hazırlık sürecinde gençlere yönelik sosyal destek sistemlerini güçlendirici, kronik hastaları kesintisiz izleyebilecek, erişilebilir, kapsayıcı ve karşılanabilir önleyici, erken tanı ve tedavi ile topluma kazandırıcı ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinin yapılandırılmasının önemli olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19 pandemisi; genç; ruh sağlığı; risk faktörleri
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The youth period is one of the most vulnerable developmental stages. In this study, mental symptoms and related factors in young people aged 18-24 were investigated in the 4th wave of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemia. Material and Methods: A total of 283 young people participated in this cross-sectional study using the online method. Socio-demographic Information Form, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and COVID-19 Perception Scale were used to collect data. Results: The prevalence of two or more mental symptoms (GHQ-12) was 74.7%, and post-traumatic stress disorder was 52.7%. 59.7% of the participants reported that they had experienced at least one traumatic event during the pandemic period, particularly losing beloved ones due to COVID-19 (27.8%). Predictors of psychological symptoms in young people based on logistic regression analysis respectively; reported having introvert personality type increased 6.3 times (95% CI 3.5-11.5), lack of social support 3.4 times (95% CI 1.8- 6), health problems 3.3 times (95% CI 1.5-7.2), challenges in access to education 2.1 times (95% CI 1.2-3.7) and loss of income increased 1.7 times (95% CI 1.04-2.9). During the pandemic, 44.2% of participants indicated a need for mental health services, but only one out of every four young people received it. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is believed that it will be critical to build accessible, inclusive, and affordable preventive, early diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation mental health services that can strengthen social support systems for young people, as well as continuously monitor chronic patients during the pandemia preparation period.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; youth; mental health; risk factors
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