.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Pandemi Döneminde Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı Olan Hastaların Anksiyete ve Depresyon Düzeylerindeki Değişim: Bir İzlem Çalışması
The Change in Anxiety and Depression Levels of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period: A Follow-Up Study
Turkiye Klinikleri Arch Lung. 2022;21(1):1-8
doi: 10.5336/archlung.2022-88122
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 pandemisi, kronik hastalığı olanlar bireylerde hastalığın bulaş riski ile sağlık kuruluşlarına başvuruların ertelenmesine, bulaştığında daha ağır/ölümcül seyretmesiyle de kaygı düzeyinin artmasına neden olmuştur. Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastaları en fazla etkilenen gruplardandır. Bu çalışmada, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarında pandemi sürecinde anksiyete/depresyon durumundaki değişim incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kasım 2019-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında bir proje kapsamında kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarına tanı/takipleri sırasında 'Hastane Anksiyete/Depresyon (HAD) Ölçeği' uygulanarak anksiyete/depresyon düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Ülkemizde Mart 2020 tarihinde pandemi süreci başlamasıyla pandeminin 18. ayında (Eylül 2021) aynı hastalarda telefon ile HAD Ölçeği tekrarlanmış, skorlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 22.0 programında analiz edilmiştir. Karşılaştırmalarda bağımlı gruplarda χ² ve t-testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Pandemi öncesi 139 hastaya HAD Ölçeği uygulanmış olup, pandeminin 18. ayında aynı hastaların 101'inde tekrarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubumuzun yaş ortalaması 65,14±9,18 olup, %84,2'si erkektir. Hastaların %5'inde önceden psikiyatrik hastalık tanısı mevcuttur. HAD-depresyon skoru pandemi öncesinde 4,98±3,63 iken 18. ayda anlamlı düzeyde artış ile 5,94±4,59'a yükselmiştir (p=0,045). HAD-anksiyete skoru pandemi öncesinde 4,75±4,32 iken 18. ayda 5,22±4,83'e yükselmiştir (p=0,324). Pandemi öncesi kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarının %21,8'inde depresyon, %9,9'unda anksiyete saptanmış iken; 18. ayda anlamlı düzeyde artış göstermiştir (sırasıyla %31,7, %12,9), (p=0,018, p=0,023). Pandemi öncesi anksiyete ve/veya depresyonu olanların oranı %22,8 iken 18. ayda %34,7'ye yükselmiştir (p=0,005). Sonuç: Anksiyete/depresyon oranları pandeminin 18.ayında yaklaşık %50 artmıştır.Pandemiden erkekler daha fazla etkilenmiş ve anksiyeteye göre depresyon skorundaki artış daha yüksektir. Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarında anksiyete/depresyon skorları değerlendirilmeli ve tedavileri sağlanmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; pandemi; anksiyete; depresyon; Hastane Anksiyete/Depresyon Ölçeği
Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 pandemisi, kronik hastalığı olanlar bireylerde hastalığın bulaş riski ile sağlık kuruluşlarına başvuruların ertelenmesine, bulaştığında daha ağır/ölümcül seyretmesiyle de kaygı düzeyinin artmasına neden olmuştur. Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastaları en fazla etkilenen gruplardandır. Bu çalışmada, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarında pandemi sürecinde anksiyete/depresyon durumundaki değişim incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kasım 2019-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında bir proje kapsamında kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarına tanı/takipleri sırasında 'Hastane Anksiyete/Depresyon (HAD) Ölçeği' uygulanarak anksiyete/depresyon düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Ülkemizde Mart 2020 tarihinde pandemi süreci başlamasıyla pandeminin 18. ayında (Eylül 2021) aynı hastalarda telefon ile HAD Ölçeği tekrarlanmış, skorlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 22.0 programında analiz edilmiştir. Karşılaştırmalarda bağımlı gruplarda χ² ve t-testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Pandemi öncesi 139 hastaya HAD Ölçeği uygulanmış olup, pandeminin 18. ayında aynı hastaların 101'inde tekrarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubumuzun yaş ortalaması 65,14±9,18 olup, %84,2'si erkektir. Hastaların %5'inde önceden psikiyatrik hastalık tanısı mevcuttur. HAD-depresyon skoru pandemi öncesinde 4,98±3,63 iken 18. ayda anlamlı düzeyde artış ile 5,94±4,59'a yükselmiştir (p=0,045). HAD-anksiyete skoru pandemi öncesinde 4,75±4,32 iken 18. ayda 5,22±4,83'e yükselmiştir (p=0,324). Pandemi öncesi kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarının %21,8'inde depresyon, %9,9'unda anksiyete saptanmış iken; 18. ayda anlamlı düzeyde artış göstermiştir (sırasıyla %31,7, %12,9), (p=0,018, p=0,023). Pandemi öncesi anksiyete ve/veya depresyonu olanların oranı %22,8 iken 18. ayda %34,7'ye yükselmiştir (p=0,005). Sonuç: Anksiyete/depresyon oranları pandeminin 18.ayında yaklaşık %50 artmıştır.Pandemiden erkekler daha fazla etkilenmiş ve anksiyeteye göre depresyon skorundaki artış daha yüksektir. Kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalarında anksiyete/depresyon skorları değerlendirilmeli ve tedavileri sağlanmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; pandemi; anksiyete; depresyon; Hastane Anksiyete/Depresyon Ölçeği
ABSTRACT
Objective: The Covid-19 pandemic has led to the postponement of applications to health institutions due to the risk of transmission of the disease in individuals with chronic diseases, and to an increase in the level of anxiety due to its more severe/fatal course when infected. Chronic obstructive pulmonary patients are among the most affected groups. In this study, the change in anxiety/depression status during the pandemic process in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients was investigated. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients anxiety/depression scores were measured by applying the "Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale"(HAD) before pandemia (November2019/March-2020). With the start of the pandemic process in our country in March2020, in order to determine how our patients were affected by the pandemic, the HAD scale was repeated by reaching the same patients by phone in the 18 months of the pandemic (September/2021). The anxiety/depression scores of the patients before and 18 months of the pandemic were compared. The data were analyzed in SPSS 22.0 program. In comparison, χ² and t-tests were used, independent groups. Results: Before the pandemic, HAD scale was applied to 139 patient, and HAD measurement was repeated in 101 patients in the 18 month. The mean age was 65.14±9.18, 84.2% were male. Psychiatric illness was present in 5% of the patients. While the HAD-depression score was 4.98±3.63 before the pandemic, it increased significantly to 5.94±4.59 at the 18th month (p=0.045). The HAD-anxiety score was 4.75±4.32 before the pandemic. while it increased to 5.22±4.83 at 18 months (p=0.324). The depression score was found to be high in 21.8% of patients in the pre-pandemic period and this rate was 9.9% for anxiety. During the pandemic period, the depression rate increased significantly to 31.7% and the anxiety rate to 12.9% (p=0.018, p=0.023, respectively). The anxiety and/or depression score increased from 22.8% to 34.7% in the 18 month pandemic (p=0.005). Conclusion: Anxiety/depression rates increased approximately 50% in the 18-month pandemic. Men were more affected by the pandemic and the increase in the depression score was higher compared to anxiety. In chronic disease follow-ups, anxiety/depression should be evaluated and treated.
Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; anxiety/depression; Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale
Objective: The Covid-19 pandemic has led to the postponement of applications to health institutions due to the risk of transmission of the disease in individuals with chronic diseases, and to an increase in the level of anxiety due to its more severe/fatal course when infected. Chronic obstructive pulmonary patients are among the most affected groups. In this study, the change in anxiety/depression status during the pandemic process in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients was investigated. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in chronic obstructive pulmonary patients anxiety/depression scores were measured by applying the "Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale"(HAD) before pandemia (November2019/March-2020). With the start of the pandemic process in our country in March2020, in order to determine how our patients were affected by the pandemic, the HAD scale was repeated by reaching the same patients by phone in the 18 months of the pandemic (September/2021). The anxiety/depression scores of the patients before and 18 months of the pandemic were compared. The data were analyzed in SPSS 22.0 program. In comparison, χ² and t-tests were used, independent groups. Results: Before the pandemic, HAD scale was applied to 139 patient, and HAD measurement was repeated in 101 patients in the 18 month. The mean age was 65.14±9.18, 84.2% were male. Psychiatric illness was present in 5% of the patients. While the HAD-depression score was 4.98±3.63 before the pandemic, it increased significantly to 5.94±4.59 at the 18th month (p=0.045). The HAD-anxiety score was 4.75±4.32 before the pandemic. while it increased to 5.22±4.83 at 18 months (p=0.324). The depression score was found to be high in 21.8% of patients in the pre-pandemic period and this rate was 9.9% for anxiety. During the pandemic period, the depression rate increased significantly to 31.7% and the anxiety rate to 12.9% (p=0.018, p=0.023, respectively). The anxiety and/or depression score increased from 22.8% to 34.7% in the 18 month pandemic (p=0.005). Conclusion: Anxiety/depression rates increased approximately 50% in the 18-month pandemic. Men were more affected by the pandemic and the increase in the depression score was higher compared to anxiety. In chronic disease follow-ups, anxiety/depression should be evaluated and treated.
Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; anxiety/depression; Hospital Anxiety/Depression Scale
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