Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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COVID-19 Günlerinde Hekim Haklarını Tekrar Düşünmek
Rethinking Physician Rights During COVID-19 Pandemic
Adem AZa,b, M. İhsan KARAMANc
aİstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
bBeylikdüzü Devlet Hastanesi, Acil Servisi, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
cİstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2022;30(1):89-95
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2021-85676
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 'Hekim hakları' ile ilgili literatür taraması yapıldığında genellikle 'hasta hakları' veya 'hekim sorumlulukları' sonuçları ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Son 150 yıl içerisinde hasta haklarına verilen önemin karşısında hekim ya da sağlık çalışanlarının kişi ve özlük haklarını güvence altına alan ulusal ya da uluslararası bir yasa ya da kapsamlı bir çalışma yoktur. Aslında Dünya Tabipler Birliği 1986 yılında 'Hekim Bağımsızlığı ve Mesleki Özgürlük Hakları' başlıklı bir bildiri yayımlamıştır. Fakat maddeleri itibarıyla baktığımızda bu bildirgede de haklardan ziyade sorumluluklar ön plana çıkmaktadır. Nihayetinde bu sözde hekim hakları bildirgesi de 2005 yılında yine Dünya Tabipler Birliği tarafından ilga edilmiştir. Hürriyet, bireyin istediği gibi yapabilme becerisidir. Hak ise hukuk tarafından bireyin menfaatlerinin korunmasıdır. Haklar, kırılgan konumdaki bireylerin hürriyetini korumaya hizmet etmektedir. Son zamanlarda hekime şiddet tüm dünyanın ortak sorunu hâline gelmiştir. Bununla beraber koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 pandemisi bizlere sağlık çalışanlarının özlük haklarının çokça kırılgan olduğunu ve kolayca feda edilebileceğini göstermiştir. Bu süreçte, kimi ülkeler sağlık çalışanlarının istifa ve izin haklarını sınırlandırırken, bilim adamları ve sağlık çalışanları üzerinde küresel baskıların etkileri izlenmiştir. Bu durum, sağlık çalışanlarının kişilik ve özlük haklarının yasalar ile koruma altına alınmasının aciliyetini ve gerekliliğini göstermektedir. Çalışmamızda, hekim-hasta ilişkisi tarihsel süreç içerisinde incelenmiş olup, sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik yasal geçerliliği olan kapsamlı bir çalışan hakları sözleşmesinin gerekliliği tartışılmış ve bu sözleşmenin tasarımı ile ilgili tavsiyelerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hekim hakları; hekime şiddet; sorumluluk; pandemi
ABSTRACT
 When a literature search on 'physician rights' is done, the results of 'patient rights' or 'physician responsibilities' are generally encountered. Although there have been many statements on patient rights in the last 150 years, there is no national or international code and comprehensive study that guarantees physician's rights. In fact, the World Medical Association published a statement titled 'Physician Independence and Professional Freedom' in 1986. However, when this declaration is evaluated carefully, responsibilities and duties rather than rights come to the fore. Finally, this so-called physician rights declaration has been abolished by the World Medical Association in 2005. Liberty is the ability to do as one pleases. And the rights are the benefits of individuals protected by the legal. Rights serve to protect the liberty of vulnerable individuals. Recently, violence against healthcare employees is a common problem in the whole world. In addition, the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has shown that the personal rights of healthcare employees are very fragile and can be easily sacrificed. Some countries banned the resignation or annual permits of healthcare employees during pandemic. On addition, the global pressures on scientists and health workers were observed. This shows the urgency and necessity of protecting the personal rights of healthcare employees by law. In this study, we evaluated the physician-patient relationship in the historical process and discussed the necessity of a comprehensive personal rights agreement with legal validity for healthcare employees. Finally, we made some recommendations regarding the design of this agreement.

Keywords: Physician rights; violence against physicians; responsibility; pandemic
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