Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: REVIEW
Çocuklarda Koroziv Özofagus Yaralanmalarında Hemşirelik Bakımı
Nursing Care in Corrosive Esophageal Injuries in Children
Nazife Gamze ÖZER ÖZLÜa,b, Fatma VURALc
aÇocuk Cerrahisi ABD, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi,
bDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü,
cCerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2019;11(4):390-8
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-65977
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Koroziv özofagus yaralanmaları gelişmiş ülkelerdeki güvenlik önlemleri nedeni ile nadir rastlanan bir sorun olmakla birlikte, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Koroziv özofagus yaralanmaları geri dönüşü olmayan zararlara ve tedavi gerektiren bir duruma neden olmaktadır. Bu zararlar, üst solunum yolları ve sindirim sisteminde birçok komplikasyona neden olmaktadır. Koroziv özofagus yaralanmaları, beş yaş altı çocuklarda en sık görülen ev kazalarından biridir. Ergenlerde ise intihar amacıyla bu yaralanmalar görülmektedir. Koroziv özofagus yaralanmalarında tedavi ve bakım uzun zaman almaktadır. Çocuklarda koroziv özofagus yaralanmalarının bakımı, çocuğun klinik belirti ve bulgularına göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, çocuklarda koroziv özofagus yaralanmalarında hemşirelik bakımının açıklanması amacıyla yazılmıştır. Çalışmada, hemşirelik bakımı, hastane öncesi (olay yeri), acil servis, erken (akut) dönem, geç (kronik) dönem ve rehabilitasyon (evde bakım) döneminde bakım olmak üzere beş bölümde incelenmiştir. Hastane öncesi (olay yeri) bakımda, hemşireler, koroziv özofagus yaralanmaları konusunda ailelerin doğru uygulamalar yapabilmesi için eğitim vermelidir. Acil servis döneminde, çocuğun temel olarak havayolu açıklığı ve hemodinamik stabilizasyonunun sağlanması önemlidir. Erken (akut) dönemde, hafif koroziv özofagus yaralanmaları olan çocuklar, oral beslenmeyi tolere edinceye kadar hastanede izlenmelidir. Derin koroziv özofagus yaralanmaları olan çocuklar, striktür gelişimi olasılığı açısından değerlendirilmelidir. Geç (kronik) dönemde, en fazla görülen komplikasyonlardan biri olan özofagus striktürüne yönelik bakım verilmelidir. Rehabilitasyon döneminde ise çocukların ve ailelerin diyet, enfeksiyon, ilaç ve aktivite konusunda yaşadıkları sorunlar ve gereksinimler hakkında hemşireler aileyi bilgilendirmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Koroziv madde yaralanması; özofagus; çocuk hasta; hemşirelik bakımı; akut bakım; rehabilitasyon
ABSTRACT
 Corrosive esophageal injuries are a major health problem in developing countries, with a rare problem due to security measures in developed countries. Corrosive esophageal injuries cause irreversible damage and require treatment. These damages cause many complications in the upper respiratory tract and the digestive tract. These injuries are one of the most common home accidents in children under five years of age. In adolescents, these injuries are seen for suicidal purposes. Treatment and care take a long time in corrosive esophageal injuries. The care of these injuries varies according to the clinical signs and symptoms of the child. This review was written to explain the nursing care in children with corrosive esophageal injuries. In the review, nursing care was examined in five sections including prehospital emergency-service, early, late and rehabilitation period. In prehospital care, nurses should be trained to provide the right practice for families with corrosive esophageal injuries. In the emergency-service period, it is important to ensure that the airway patency and hemodynamic stabilization of the child is essential. In the early period, children with mild corrosive esophageal injuries should be followed up in the hospital until they tolerate oral feeding. Children with deep-corrosive esophageal injuries should be evaluated for the possibility of stricture development. In the late period, care should be given to the esophageal stricture, which is one of the most common complications. Nurses should inform the family about the problems and needs of children and families about diet, infection, medicine and activity during the rehabilitation period.

Keywords: Corrosive substance injury; esophagus; pediatric patient; nursing care; acute care; rehabilitation
REFERENCES:
  1. Millar AJ, Cox SG. Caustic injury of the oesophagus. Pediatr Surg Int. 2015;31(2):111-21. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  2. Bird JH, Kumar S, Paul C, Ramsden JD. Controversies in the management of caustic ingestion injury: an evidence-based review. Clin Otolaryngol. 2017;42(3):701-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  3. Bonavina L, Chirica M, Skrobic O, Kluger Y, Andreollo NA, Contini S, et al. Foregut caustic injuries: results of the world society of emergency surgery consensus conference. World J Emerg Surg. 2015;10:44. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  4. Arnold M, Numanoglu A. Caustic ingestion in children-A review. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2017;26(2):95-104. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  5. De Lusong MA, Timbol AB, Tuazon DS. Management of esophageal caustic injury. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 2017;8(2):90-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  6. Urganci N, Usta M, Kalyoncu D, Demirel E. Corrosive substance ingestion in children. Indian J Pediatr. 2014;81(7):675-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Rafeey M, Ghojazadeh M, Sheikhi S, Vahedi L. Caustic ingestion in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Caring Sci. 2016;5(3):251-65. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  8. Bozlu G, Kuyucu N. [Poisoning cases who admitted to the pediatrics emergency unit in the last five years: evaluation of 1734 cases]. Adli Tip Bulteni. 2018; 23(2):106-9. [Crossref] 
  9. Altay D, Dogan Y. [An unavoidable public health problem: ingestion of corrosive substance in children]. Firat Med J. 2018;23(1):28-31.
  10. Kucuk F, Balci S. [Characteristics of children between 1-6 ages who drink corrosive substances and the first applications of families]. Anadolu Hemsirelik ve Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2011;14(3):32-9.
  11. Peker N, Urganci N, Kimil H. [A case of eosophagus stricture because of corrosive substance ingestion]. Journal of Academic Research in Medicine (JAREM). 2016;6(1):59-61. [Crossref] 
  12. Bilgen Sivri B, Ozpulat F. Mothers' knowledge levels related to poisoning. Turk J Emerg Med. 2015;15(1):13-22. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  13. Karaca T. [Nursing care of the patients with tracheostomy]. International Journal of Human Sciences. 2015;12(2):1078-91. [Crossref] 
  14. Wang W, Huang J, Zheng G, Xia HH, Wong WM, Lam SK, et al. Head-to-head comparison of H2-receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of erosive esophagitis: a meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11(26):4067-77. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  15. Edwards SJ, Lind T, Lundell L, Das R. Systematic review: standard- and double-dose proton pump inhibitors for the healing of severe erosive oesophagitis- a mixed treatment comparison of randomized controlled trials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009;30(6):547-56. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Sivri B. [How should the usage of optimum proton pump inhibitors be?]. Ic Hastaliklari Dergisi. 2013;20:107-11.
  17. Katibe R, Abdelgadir I, McGrogan P, Akobeng AK. Corticosteroids for preventing caustic esophageal strictures: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018;66(6):898-902. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  18. Alparslan Balci G, Kapucu S. [Responsibilities of the nurse on administration of steroids]. Hacettepe Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Fakultesi Hemsirelik Dergisi. 2008;15(2):77-84.
  19. Ignatavicius DD. Care of patients with esophageal problems. In: Ignatavicius DD, Workman ML, eds. Medical Surgical Nursing. 7th ed. United States: Elsevier; 2013. p.1212-17.
  20. Schonfeld DJ, Demaria T. Providing psychosocial support to children and families in the aftermath of disasters and crises. Pediatrics. 2015;136(4):1121-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Chirica M, Bonavina L, Kelly MD, Sarfati E, Cattan P. Caustic ingestion. Lancet. 2017;389(10083):2041-52. [Crossref] 
  22. Dolgun G. [Corrosive injuries in children: review]. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2009;18(4):297-304.
  23. Dikmen Y. [Oral care management in intensive care patient: literature review within the framework evidence based practices]. Duzce Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu Dergisi. 2017;7(1):45-52.
  24. Contini S, Scarpignato C. Caustic injury of the upper gastrointestinal tract: a comprehensive review. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(25):3918-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  25. Celik N. [Nasogastric tube and nursing interventions]. Suleyman Demirel Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2013;4(2):75-80.
  26. Bozkurt G. [Nutrition for children in pediatric intensive care unit]. Yogun Bakim Hemsireligi Dergisi. 2010;14(2):72-8.
  27. Acikgoz A, Sayik D, Songut S, Kaya Y, Koksal I. [The burdens of sitter mothers at paediatrics clinics and the effect of hospital stay on depression, anxiety and stress levels]. Kocaeli Medical J. 2017;6(2):43-7.
  28. Pelentsov LJ, Laws TA, Esterman AJ. The supportive care needs of parents caring for a child with a rare disease: a scoping review. Disabil Health J. 2015;8(4):475-91. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Bray L, Carter B, Sanders C, Blake L, Keegan K. Parent-to-parent peer support for parents of children with a disability: a mixed method study. Patient Education and Counseling. 2017;100(8):1537-43. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  30. Anderson M, Elliott EJ, Zurynski YA. Australian families living with rare disease: experiences of diagnosis, health services use and needs for psychosocial support. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013;8:22. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  31. Ayesh K, Sultan MI. Caustic ingestions in pediatric patients. Journal of Gastric Disorders and Therapy (JGDT). 2017;3(2):1-4. [Crossref] 
  32. Tander B. [Current management of corrosive esophagitis]. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Surg-Special Topics. 2015;5(2):1-7.
  33. Soysal FG, Erginel B, Karadeniz M, Celik A, Salman FT. [Our approach to esophageal perforation secondary to dilatation of caustic esophageal stricture in children]. Turk Gogus Kalp Dama 2016;24(1):89-94. [Crossref] 
  34. Esenay FI, Sezer TA, Kursun S, Gedik GG. [Problems experienced by family of child with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy]. J Curr Pediatr. 2016;14(3):110-5. [Crossref] 
  35. Ozcan C. [Esophageal replacement]. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr Surg-Special Topics. 2015;5(2):8-11.
  36. Aranha PR, Sams LM, Saldanha P. Impact of preoperative education program on parental anxiety: a pilot project. Arch Med Health Sci. 2016;4(1):30-4. [Crossref] 
  37. Bolisik B, Ozalp Gerceker G. [Pre-operative preparation of children and family]. Bolisik ZB, Yardimci F, Akcay Didisen N, editorler. Pediatrik Cerrahi Hastasinin Hemsirelik Bakimi. 3. Baski. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayincilik; 2015. p.3-16.
  38. Unver S, Yildirim M. [Approach to pediatric patients during surgical interventions]. Guncel Pediatri. 2013;11(3):128-33. [Crossref] 
  39. Cowles RA, Coran AG. Gastric transposition in infants and children. Pediatr Surg Int. 2010;26(12):1129-34. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  40. Karatas H. [Esophageal malformations]. Bolisik ZB, Yardimci F, Akcay Didisen N, editorler. Pediatrik Cerrahi Hastasinin Hemsirelik Bakimi. 3. Baski. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayincilik; 2015. p.231-341.
  41. Silay F, Akyol A. [Nurses' role in sedation control in intensive care units]. Yogun Bakim Hemsireligi Dergisi. 2017;21(1):28-35.
  42. Celik S. [Care of the patient on mechanical ventilation]. Yogun Bakim Hemsireligi Dergisi. 2006;10(1-2):19-25.
  43. Uysal H. [Monitoring of patient with invasive mechanical ventilaiton: review]. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs. 2011;3(2):89-99.
  44. Garritano S, Irino T, Scandavini CM, Tsekrekos A, Lundell L, Rouvelas I. Long-term functional outcomes after replacement of the esophagus in pediatric patients: a systematic literature review. J Pediatr Surg. 2017;52(9):1398-408. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  45. van Beek AP, Emous M, Laville M, Tack J. Dumping syndrome after esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Obes Rev. 2017; 18(1):68-85. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  46. Aydin Sayilan A, Seyhan E, Ozbas A. [Acute abdominal pain and nursing care]. Izmir Katip Celebi Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Fakultesi Dergisi. 2017;2(3):45-9.

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com