Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: REVIEW
Çocuk Hastalarda Sık Görülen Odontojenik Kistler: Geleneksel Derleme
Common Odontogenic Cysts in Pediatric Patients: Traditional Review
Büşra KARADURANa, Mine KORUYUCUa
aİstanbul Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Pedodonti ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2022;28(4):940-51
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2022-89761
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Kistler, kaynak aldıkları epitel dokusuna göre farklı özellik gösterebilen merkezî konumlu bir lümene ve bağ doku duvarına sahip patolojik boşluklardır. Çocuklarda nadir görülmekle birlikte, erişkinlere göre daha hızlı büyüme ve ilerleme özelliği gösterebilmektedirler. Dişlerin gömülü kalmasına ve sürememesine, mine malformasyonlarına, çene fraktürlerine, epitel dokusunun metaplazi göstermesiyle kanser gelişimine neden olabilmektedirler. Kist epitelinin dejenerasyona uğramasıyla mukoepidermoid karsinoma, epidermoid karsinoma, skuamöz hücreli karsinoma ve ameloblastoma gelişebilmektedir. Çocuklarda görülen bilateral veya çoklu kistler, ayrıca herhangi bir sendromun belirtisi olabilmesi açısından önemlidir. İlişkili olabilecek sendromların ve özelliklerinin bilinmesi gereklidir. İlişkili olabilecek başlıca sendromlar ve hastalıklar; nevoid bazal hücreli karsinom (Gorlin Goltz) sendromu, kleidokranial displazi, mukopolisakkaridoz (MPS) Tip 6 (Maroteaux-Lamy sendromu) hastalığı, Hunter sendromu (MPS Tip 2), Simpson-Golabi Behmel sendromu, Marfan sendromu, Noonan sendromu, Ehler-Danlos sendromu ve Oro-fasio dijital sendromu olabilmektedir. Özellikle odontojenik keratokistler çoklu olarak Gorlin Goltz sendromu ile ilişkili ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Kistlerin tedavisinde dekompresyon, marsüpyalizasyon, enükleasyon, rezeksiyon veya bunların kombinasyonlarını içeren çok farklı tedavi yaklaşımları mevcut olabilmektedir. Çocuklarda görülen kistlerin tedavisinde ise çene gelişimini ve dişlerin sürme sürecini tehlikeye sokmamak için dekompresyon veya marsüpyalizasyon gibi konservatif ve koruyucu yaklaşımların tercih edilmesi son dönemde önerilmektedir. Önemli olan, tedavi sonrasındaki olası riskleri iyi değerlendirebilmek, kistin nüks ihtimalini göz önünde bulundurarak hastanın düzenli aralıklarla takip edilebilmesini sağlamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuklar; kist; sendrom
ABSTRACT
 Cysts are pathological cavities with a centrally located lumen and connective tissue wall that can show different characteristics according to the epithelial tissue from which they originate. Although it is not common in children, they can grow and progress faster than adults. They can cause impacted teeth and their failure to erupt, enamel malformations, jaw fractures, and cancer development by metaplasia of epithelial tissue. With the degeneration of the cyst epithelium mucoepidermoid carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and ameloblastoma can develop. Bilateral or multiple cysts seen in children are also important in terms of being a symptom of any syndrome. It is necessary to know the associated syndromes and their characteristics. Primary syndromes and diseases that can be associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma (Gorlin Goltz) syndrome, cleidocranial dysplasia, mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Type 6 (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome), Hunter syndrome (MPS Type 2), Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Noonan syndrome, Ehler-Danlos syndrome, and Oro-fasio digital syndrome. In particular, multiple odontogenic keratocysts can associate with Gorlin Goltz syndrome. In the treatment of cysts, there are many different treatment approaches including decompression, marsupialization, enucleation, resection, or combinations of these. In the treatment of cysts seen in children, it has recently been recommended to prefer conservative and protective approaches such as decompression or marsupialization in order not to endanger the development of the jaw and the eruption process of the teeth. The important thing is to evaluate the possible risks after the treatment, to ensure that the patient can be followed up at regular intervals, taking into account the possibility of recurrence of the cyst.

Keywords: Children; cyst; syndrome
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