Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Cerrahi Menopozlu Kadınlarda Sağlık Algısı ve Osteoporoz Farkındalığı Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Determination of the Relationship Between Health Perception and Osteoporosis Awareness in Surgical Menopausal Women: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Hülya ÖZBERKa
aDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği AD, İzmir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(3):722-30
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2024-101928
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Cerrahi menopoz, yaşamın ilerleyen dönemleri açısından kadın sağlığını olumsuz etkileyen önemli bir süreçtir. Bu çalışmada, kadınların cerrahi menopoz sonrası sağlık algısı ve osteoporoz farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tasarımda, 01 Eylül 2022-30 Eylül 2023 tarihleri arasında 110 cerrahi menopozda olan kadınla yapılmıştır. Veriler, Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Değerlendirme Formu, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği ve Osteoporoz Farkındalık Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma için kurum izni, etik kurul onayı ve katılımcılardan bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Spearman's korelasyon, Mann-Whitney-U, Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Bonferroni düzeltmesi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık olarak p<0,05 alınmıştır. Bulgular: Ölçeklerin toplam puanlarının ortalaması ve standart sapması Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği için 48,80±6,67, Osteoporoz Farkındalık Ölçeği için 63,70±14,92'dir. Kadınların Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği alt boyutlarından Öz farkındalık puanları ile Osteoporoz Farkındalık Ölçeği alt boyutlarından kemik fizyolojisi (r=0,40), koruyucu davranışlar (r=0,50), egzersiz (r=0,30) ve Osteoporoz Farkındalık Ölçeği toplam puan (r=0,49) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Kadınların Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği toplam puanları ile Osteoporoz Farkındalık Ölçeği alt boyutlarından kemik fizyolojisi (r=0,33), koruyucu davranışlar (r=0,32) ve Osteoporoz Farkındalık Ölçeği toplam puan (r=0,35) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Kadınlarda öz farkındalık arttıkça, osteoporaza yönelik kemik fizyolojisi, koruyucu davranışlar, egzersiz ve toplam osteoporoz farkındalığı artmaktadır. Sağlık algısı arttıkça; osteoporaza yönelik kemik fizyolojisi, koruyucu davranışlar ve toplam osteoporoz farkındalığı artmaktadır. Sağlığın önemi arttıkça, osteoporaza yönelik egzersiz farkındalığı artmaktadır. Cerrahi menopozlu kadınlara, sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından sağlık eğitimlerinin yapılması postmenopozal dönemde kadın sağlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesi açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Cerrahi menopoz; osteoporoz; sağlık algısı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Surgical menopause is an important process that negatively affects women's health in the later stages of life. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between women's health perception and osteoporosis awareness after surgical menopause. Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 110 surgical menopausal women between September 01, 2022 and September 30, 2023. Data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics Assessment Form, Health Perception Scale and Osteoporosis Awareness Scale. Institutional permission, ethics committee approval and informed consent were obtained from the participants. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, Mann-Whitney-U, Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni correction were used to evaluate the data. Statistical significance was taken as p<0.05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the total scores of the scales were 48.80±6.67 for Health Perception Scale and 63.70±14.92 for Osteoporosis Awareness Scale. A statistically significant positive moderate relationship was found between women's self-awareness scores from the Health Perception Scale sub-dimensions and Bone physiology (r=0.40), Protective behaviors (r=0.50), Exercise (r=0.30) and total score (r=0.49) from the Osteoporosis Awareness Scale sub-dimensions. A statistically significant, positive, moderate relationship was found between the total scores of the women in the Health Perception Scale and the sub-dimensions of Bone physiology (r=0.33), Protective behaviors (r=0.32) and total score (r=0.35) of the Osteoporosis Awareness Scale. Conclusion: As self-awareness increases in women, bone physiology, protective behaviors, exercise and total osteoporosis awareness towards osteoporosis increase. As health perception increases, bone physiology, protective behaviors and total osteoporosis awareness towards osteoporosis increases. As the importance of health increases, awareness of exercise for osteoporosis increases. Providing health education to women with surgical menopause by health professionals is important for the protection and improvement of women's health in the postmenopausal period.

Keywords: Surgical menopause; osteoporosis; health perception
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