Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Cerrahi Hastalarının Öğrenim Gereksinimleri ile Anksiyeteleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Çalışma
Investigation of the Relationship Between Learning Needs and Anxiety of Surgical Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
Esma ÖZŞAKERa, Selin AKANb, Eda DOLGUNa, Yelda CANDAN DÖNMEZa
aEge Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, Türkiye
bDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Genel Cerrahi ABD, İzmir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(1):26-34
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-83062
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmada, cerrahi hastalarının öğrenim gereksinimleri ile anksiyeteleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma, Mart ve Ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. İzmir ilinde bir üniversite hastanesinin genel cerrahi kliniğinde ameliyat olup taburculuk sürecinde olan, araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 110 hasta araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturdu. Veriler, Hasta Tanıtım Formu, Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği aracılığıyla toplandı. Veriler; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Student t-testi ve ANOVA kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Ölçek puanları arasındaki ilişki Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 46,0±14,53 yıldır. Hastaların; %60,0'ının daha önce ameliyat olduğu, %32,7'sinin alt gastrointestinal sistem cerrahisi geçirdiği belirlendi. Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasına göre (199,38±39,35), hastaların öğrenim gereksinimlerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlendi. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarına ilişkin önemlilik düzeyi sıralamasına bakıldığında; ilk sırada tedavi ve komplikasyonlar, 2. sırada ilaçlar, 3. sırada yaşam aktiviteleri alt boyutları yer almaktadır. Durumluk kaygı puan ortalamasına (38,84±10,04) ve sürekli kaygı puan ortalamasına (41,59±8,51) göre hastaların durumluk ve sürekli anksiyetesinin orta düzey olduğu saptandı. Hastaların öğrenim gereksinimleri ile kaygı puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlendi (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, genel cerrahi hastalarının taburculuğa ilişkin yüksek düzeyde öğrenim gereksinimlerinin olduğu, tedavi ve komplikasyonlar alt boyutunun önemli olduğu bulundu. Araştırmaya katılan hastaların, durumluk ve sürekli anksiyetenin orta düzeyde olduğu ve hasta öğrenim gereksinimleri ile kaygı düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlendi. Bu sonuçlara göre taburculuk eğitimlerinde hastaların gereksinim duydukları konuların dikkate alınması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Cerrahi; hasta; öğrenim gereksinimi; anksiyete
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the learning needs and anxiety of surgical patients. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in a university hospital in İzmir between March and August 2019. The sample of the study consisted of 110 patients undergoing surgery at the Department of General Surgery who were discharged, and volunteering to participate in the study. Data were collected through Patient Identification Form, Patient Learning Needs Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Scale. The data were evaluated using number, percentage, mean, standard deviation Student t-test and ANOVA. The relationship between scale scores was evaluated using Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: Average age of the patients was 46.0±14.53 years. It was determined that 60% of patients had previous surgery, 32.7% had lower gastrointestinal system surgery. According to the total score average of the Patient Learning Needs Scale (199.38±39.35), it was determined that the education needs of the patients were at a high level. When the significance level of the subscales of the scale is evaluated, treatment and complications are the first, drugs are the second, life activities are the third. According to the state anxiety scale mean score (38.84±10.04) and the trait anxiety scale mean score (41.59±8.51), the state and trait anxiety levels of the patients were found to be moderate. A significant relationship was identified between the uneducated and anxiety scores of the patients (p>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was found that general surgery patients had a high level of learning requirements regarding discharge, and that the treatment and complications subscale was important. It was determined that state anxiety and trait anxiety levels of the participants were moderate and there was no significant relationship between anxiety and learning needs. According to these results, it is recommended to take into consideration the issues that patients need in discharge training

Keywords: Surgery; patient; learning needs; anxiety
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