Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Biyomembran Temelli İlaç Taşıyıcı Sistemler
Biomembrane Based Drug Delivery Systems
Canan HASÇİÇEKa, Bürde Süheyla BAYRAKTARa
aAnkara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmasötik Teknoloji ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(3):259-70
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-73740
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Nanoteknoloji ve malzeme bilimi alanlarında son zamanlarda gerçekleşen ilerlemeler sayesinde, nanopartiküller ve lipozomlar gibi çeşitli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler geliştirilmiş ve üzerine yoğun bir şekilde çalışılmıştır. İlaç taşıyıcı sistemler yüksek etkin madde yükleme kapasitesine, fizikokimyasal özelliklerinde değişiklik yapılabilmesine, sınırlı bir hedeflendirme imkânına ve stabil kalabilme gibi özelliklere sahiptir. Ancak hedeflendirme yeteneğinin az olması, kan dolaşımından hızlıca uzaklaştırılması ve yüksek toksisite göstermesi gibi nedenlerden dolayı klinikte kullanımları için hâlâ çeşitli sakıncalar vardır. Bu noktada, doğadan alınan ilhamla biyomembran temelli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler geliştirilmiştir. Biyomembran kaplama teknolojisi, biyolojik özelliklerin sentetik taşıyıcılara aktarılmasına olanak verir. Bunun sonucunda ise immün cevapta azalma, kan dolaşımında uzun süre kalma, biyolojik çevreye cevap verebilme, doku ve organlara etkili bir hedeflendirme yapılması gibi eşsiz özelliklerin kazanılacağı düşünülmektedir. Biyomembran temelli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemlerde kamuflajın sağlanması için kan hücreleri, kök hücreleri, kanser hücreleri, virüsler ve eksozomlar gibi çok çeşitli hücre kaynakları mevcuttur. Bu derleme makalesinde, biyomembran temelli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler ve özellikle kırmızı kan hücreleri olmak üzere membran kaynakları, avantajları ve zorlukları anlatılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Biyomembran; ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler; kırmızı kan hücresi; nanoteknoloji; hedeflendirme
ABSTRACT
 With the recent advances in material science and nanotechnology, drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles and liposomes have been developed and intensively studied by researchers. Drug delivery systems provide high drug loading capacity, adjustable physicochemical properties, limited targeting and stability. However, there are still disadvantages of clinical use of drug delivery systems due to low targeting ability, rapid clearence of the drug from the bloodstream and high toxicity. In order to overcome these disadvantages, taking inspiration from the nature, biomembrane based drug delivery systems have been developed. The biomembrane-coating technology allows the transfer of biological properties to synthetic carriers. As a consequence, it is expected that it might be possible to achieve modulation of immune response, prolonged circulation, responsiveness to the biological environment and effective targeting to tissues and organs. In order to provide camouflage of biomembrane based drug delivery systems, there are various resources such as blood cells, stem cells, cancer cells, viruses and exosomes. In this review article, we investigated the features of biomembrane based drug delivery systems, membrane source, especially red blood cells based delivery systems, formulation approaches, advantages and challenges of biomembrane based drug delivery systems.

Keywords: Biomembrane; drug delivery systems; erythrocyte; nanotechnology; targeting
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