Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Birinci Derece Yakını Prostat Kanseri Olan ve Olmayanlarda Kanser Tarama Bilinci: Kesitsel-Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Awareness of Cancer Screening in Individuals with and without a First-Degree Relative with Prostate Cancer: The Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Çağrı AKPINARa , Nilay BEKTAŞ AKPINARb
aAnkara Etlik Şehir Hastanesi, Üroloji Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2024;44(4):194-200
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2024-104261
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olan bireylerde, olmayanlara göre kanser tarama bilinci ve prostat kanseri bilgisini karşılaştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma, tek merkezde, Ekim 2023-Şubat 2024 tarihleri arasında ayaktan üroloji polikliniğine başvuran ve araştırmayı kabul eden 45 yaş ve üzeri, daha önce prostat kanseri tanısı almamış 150 erkek bireyle gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın verileri ''Kişisel Bilgi Formu'' ve ''Prostat Kanseri Taramaları Bilgi Testi (PKTBT)'' kullanarak elde edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin 58'i (%38,7) birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olup, 92'si (%61,3) değildi. Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olan bireylerin tamamı erken teşhisin önemli olduğunu bilmekte iken, diğer grupta bu oran %87 idi. Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olan bireyler, olmayanlara göre daha az oranda prostat spesifik antijen (PSA) tarama testi ve rektal muayene öyküsüne sahipti (sırasıyla %30 ve %56,5, p=0,213). Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olan 67-77 yaş aralığındaki bireylerde PKTBT puanları diğer yaş gruplarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek idi (p=0,024). Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olmayanlarda daha önce PSA tarama testi ve rektal muayene öyküsü yaptıranların PKTBT puanları, muayene yaptırmayanlara göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek idi (p=0,029). Üç ay içinde PSA tarama testi ve rektal muayene öyküsüne katılmayı düşünenlerin PKTBT puanları, muayeneye katılmayacaklardan anlamlı olarak yüksek idi (p<0,001). Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olanlarda, PKTBT puanları, olmayanlara göre daha yüksek idi (p=0,001). Sonuç: Birinci derece yakını prostat kanseri olan bireyler erken teşhis konusunda daha yüksek farkındalık ve bilgi düzeyine sahip olmasına rağmen erken teşhis için daha az PSA tarama testi yaptırmaktadır ve bu bireylerin çoğu rektal muayene konusunda daha çekingendir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Prostat kanseri; aile; prostat spesifik antijen; dijital rektal muayene
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To compare cancer screening awareness and prostate cancer knowledge in individuals with a first-degree relative with prostate cancer compared to those without. Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in a single center with 150 male individuals, aged 45 and over, who had not previously been diagnosed with prostate cancer, who applied to the outpatient urology clinic between October 2023 and February 2024 and accepted the research. The data of the study was obtained using the ''Personal Information Form'' and ''Prostate Cancer Screenings Knowledge Test (PKTBT)''. Results: Of the individuals participating in the study, 58 (38.7%) had a first-degree relative with prostate cancer and 92 (61.3%) did not. While all individuals with a first-degree relative with prostate cancer knew that early diagnosis was important, this rate was 87% in the other group. Individuals with a first-degree relative with prostate cancer had a lower rate of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening tests and digital rectal examinations than those without (30% and 56.5% respectively, p=0.213). PKTBT scores in individuals aged 67-77 with a first-degree relative with prostate cancer were significantly higher than other age groups (p=0.024). Among those who did not have a first-degree relative with prostate cancer, the PCTBT scores of those who had a prostate examination before were significantly higher than those who did not have a prostate PSA screening tests and digital rectal examination (p=0.029). PKTBT scores of those who planned to attend a prostate examination within three months were significantly higher than those who would not attend the examination (p<0.001). PKTBT scores were higher in those with a first-degree relative with prostate cancer than in those without (p=0.001). Conclusion: Although individuals with a first-degree relative who has prostate cancer have higher awareness and knowledge about early diagnosis, they have fewer PSA screening tests for early diagnosis and most of these individuals are more hesitant about rectal examinations.

Keywords: Prostate cancer; family; prostate specific antigen; digital rectal examination
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