Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bireyselleştirilmiş Öğretim Modelinin Voleybol Becerilerinin Öğrenilmesine ve Tutuma Etkisi: Deneysel Çalışma
The Effects of Personalized System of Instruction on Learning Volleyball Skills and Attitude Towards Volleyball Course: Experimental Study
Süreyya YENİBERTİZa,b, A. Dilşad MİRZEOĞLUc
aHacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bRumeli Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rekreasyon Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
cSakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Sakarya TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2021;13(3):386-95
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2021-84631
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde bireyselleştirilmiş öğretim modelinin, voleybol becerilerini öğrenme ve voleybol dersine yönelik tutum düzeylerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmada, yarı deneme modellerinden ön-testson-test kontrol gruplu model kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu spor bilimleri fakültesi, spor yöneticiliği ve rekreasyon bölümlerinde öğrenim görmekte ve seçmeli voleybol derslerine kayıt yaptırmış olan 30 (15 deney grubu ve 15 kontrol) öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın deney ve kontrol gruplarını oluşturan öğrenciler, 6 hafta araştırmaya katılmışlardır. Veri toplama aracı olarak öğrencilerin duyuşsal alanlardaki gelişimlerini ölçmek amacıyla Mirzeoğlu'nun geliştirdiği 'Voleybol Dersine Karşı Tutum Ölçeği' ve psikomotor alanlardaki gelişimlerini ölçmek amacıyla Mirzeoğlu'nun geliştirdiği' Gözlem Formları' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, betimsel istatistik, bağımlı ve bağımsız gruplar t-testi istatistiksel yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma bulgulara göre deney ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan öğrencilerin voleybol dersine yönelik tutum ve psikomotor alan (parmak pas, manşet pas ve tenis servis) ön-test ve son-test puanları arasında, son-testler lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarının voleybol dersine yönelik tutum ve psikomotor alan erişi puanları karşılaştırıldığında, her iki ölçümde de anlamlı bir fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak üniversite öğrencileri için hem bireyselleştirilmiş öğretim modeli hem de doğrudan öğretim modelinin, öğrencilerin voleybol dersine yönelik tutumlarını ve psikomotor alanı oluşturan parmak pas, manşet pas ve tenis servis becerilerini geliştirmede olumlu katkısının olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Model temelli öğrenme; bireyselleştirilmiş öğretim modeli; doğrudan öğretim modeli; voleybol; tutum
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the personalized system of instruction on the learning of volleyball skills and the attitude towards volleyball course of university students. Material and Methods: The research was conducted by using a pre-test/post-test control group model structured under the quasi-experimental model. The research group was formed by 30 students (15 participating in experiment group and 15 participating in the control group), who was studying at the faculty of sport sciences, department of sport management and department of recreation of universities, and had registered to the elective volleyball course. The participants formed the experiment and control groups and attended a 6-week study. The data of the study was obtained by Attitude towards Volleyball Course Scale, developed by Mirzeoğlu and observation forms, developed by Mirzeoğlu for psychomotor domain development. Descriptive statistic, dependent and independent samples t-test statistical methods were used for data analysis. Results: The findings of the study showed, a significant difference in favour of post-test result, when the attitude towards volleyball course and psychomotor domain (overhead pass, forearm pass, and tennis service skills) pre-test post-test results of experiment and control group participants were compared. No significant difference was noted between two groups when the attitude towards volleyball course and psychomotor domain gain scores were compared. Conclusion: To conclude, it could be mentioned that both personalized system of instruction and direct instruction method had a positive contribution to the attitude towards volleyball course and the overhead pass, forearm pass, and tennis service skills, which form the psychomotor domain.

Keywords: Model-based learning; personalized system of ınstruction; direct instruction model; volleyball; attitude
REFERENCES:
  1. Prewitt SL. The personalized system of instruction: fidelity and effect on health-realted fitness knowledge and in-class physical activity [Master's thesis]. ABD: The University of Utah; 2014. Erişim tarihi: 12.03.2019. [Link] 
  2. Keller FS. Good-bye, teacher... Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 1968;1(1):79. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  3. Metzler MW. Instructional Models for Physical Education. 2nd ed. Routledge; 2005. p.217-55. [Link] 
  4. Taveggia TC. Personalized instruction: a summary of comparative research, 1967-1974. American Journal of Physics. 1976; 44(11): 1028-33. [Crossref] 
  5. Allen C. Personalized system of ınstruction and student performance in high school weight training courses [Doctoral thesis]. United States of America: Liberty University; 2015. Erişim tarihi: 14.01.2019. [Link] 
  6. Hannon JC, Holt BJ, Hatten JD. Personalized systems of instruction model: teaching health-related fitness content in high school physical education. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction. 2008;2(2):20-33. [Crossref] 
  7. Lowry WH, Thornburg MS. A working bibliography on the Keller Plan (PSI). Bibliography. 1988. [Link] 
  8. Seidentop D. How to use personalized system of instruction in college teaching. National College Physical Education Association for Men Proceedings. Kansas City: 77th Annual Meeting; 1974. p.116-25.
  9. Cregger R, Metzler M. PSI for a college physical education basic instructional program. Educational Technology. 1992;32(8):51-6. [Link] 
  10. Sural V, Savaş S. Farklı öğretim yöntemleriyle işlenen basketbol dersinin öğrencilerin psikomotor erişi düzeylerine etkisi [The effects of basketball classes taught through different education models on psychomotor achievement skills of students]. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi. 2015;25(1): 345-60. [Link] 
  11. Güneş B, Yılmaz E. The effect of tactical games approach in basketball teaching on cognitive, affective and psychomotor achievement levels of high school students. Education and Science. 2019;44(200):313-31. [Link] 
  12. Karasar N. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. 22. Baskı. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık; 2011. [Link] 
  13. Mirzeoğlu AD. Voleybol dersindeki davranışların öğreniminde, yapılandırmacı öğrenme etkinliklerinin öğrenci erişi düzeyine etkisi [Doktora tezi]. Bolu: Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi; 2000. Erişim tarihi: 02.01.2019. Erişim linki: [Link] 
  14. Senemoğlu N. Gelişim, Öğrenme ve Öğretim: Kuramdan Uygulamaya. 26. Baskı. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık; 2018. [Link] 
  15. Alpar R. Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlik-Güvenirlik. 6. Baskı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; 2020. [Link] 
  16. Annarino A. Individualized instructional materials. In: Hellison ID, Enberg ML, Jacobsen S, Lawson H, eds. Personalize Learning in Physical Education. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: Amer Alliance for Health Physical; 1976. p.64-75. [Link] 
  17. Kulik J, Kulik CLC, Cohen PA. A meta-analysis of outcome studies of Keller's personalized system of instruction. American Psychologist. 1979;34(4): 307-18. [Crossref] 
  18. Young A. Personalized system of instruction in physical education. International Journal of Arts and Humanities. 2019;5(1):13-5. [Link] 
  19. Colquitt G, Pritchard T, McCollum S. The personalized system of instruction in fitness education. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance. 2011;82(6):46-54. [Crossref] 
  20. Lee WA, Rengasamy S, Hooi LB, Varatharajoo C, Azeez MIK. The effectiveness of teaching games for the improvement of the hockey tactical skills and the state of self-confidence among 16 years old students. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Sport an Health Sciences. 2015;9(7):2296-302. [Link] 
  21. Wallhead TL, Ntoumanis N. Effects of a sport education intervention on students' motivational responses in physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. 2004;23(1):4-18. [Crossref] 
  22. Güneş B, Çoknaz H. Beden eğitimi dersi cimnastik ünitesinde işbirliğine dayalı öğrenmenin öğrencilerin erişi düzeylerine etkisi [The effects of cooperative learning on the achievements of students in gymnastic unit]. Hacettepe University Journal of Education. 2010;39(39):207-19. [Link] 
  23. Gurvitch R, Metzler M. Theory into practice: keeping the purpose in mind: the implementation of instructional models in physical education setting, Journal for Physical and Sport Educators. 2010;23(3):32-5. [Crossref] 
  24. Ormond T, Christie B, Barbieri D, Schell B. A comparison of sport education and the traditional unit approach: game play, activity levels, and knowledge. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport (Supplement). 2002;73:A-77. [Link] 
  25. Browne TBJ, Carlson TB, Hastie PA. A comparison of rugby seasons presented in traditional and sport education formats. Europian Physical Education Review. 2004;10(2):199-214. [Crossref] 
  26. Pritchard T, Hawkins A, Wiegand R, Metzler JN. Effect of two instructional approaches on skill development, knowledge and game performance. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science. 2008;12(4):219-36. [Crossref] 
  27. Pritchard T, Penix K, Colquitt G, McCollum S. Effects of a weight training personalized system of instruction course on fitness levels and knowledge. Physical Educator. 2012;69(4):342-59. [Link] 
  28. Prewitt SL, Hannon JC, Colquitt G, Brusseau TA, Newton M, Shaw J. Effect of personalized system of instruction on health-related fitness knowledge and class time physical activity. The Physical Educator. 2015;72(5):23-39. [Crossref] 
  29. Friskawati GF, Ilmawati H, Suherman A. Effect of personalized system for instructions (PSI) on physical fitness of senior high school nursing's student. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017;180(1):012262. [Crossref] 
  30. Viness S, Colquitt G, Pritchard T, Johnson C. Using the personalized system of instruction to differentiate instruction in fitness. Physical Educator. 2017;74(3):518. [Crossref] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com