Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bazı Pediatrik Ruhsal Hastalıklarda İçe ve Dışa Yönelim Sorunlarının İncelenmesi: Retrospektif-Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Examination of Internal and External Orientation Problems in Some Pediatric Mental Illnesses: Retrospective-Descriptive Research
Fatma ÖZGÜN ÖZTÜRKa
aPamukkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği ABD, Denizli, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2023;15(1):254-62
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2022-94042
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, çocuklarda görülen bazı ruhsal hastalıklarda aile bildirimlerine göre içe ve dışa yönelim sorunlarının dağılım ve şiddetini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, retrospektif-tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini; depresyon, anksiyete bozukluğu, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu tanısı alan 177 çocuk ve ergen oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama araçları olarak çocukların retrospektif olarak incelenen sosyodemografik veri kayıtları ve ebeveynleri tarafından doldurulan aile bilgi form kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Aile bildirimlerine göre içe yönelim sorunları incelenmiş ve mutsuzluk belirtisi açısından anksiyete bozuklukları ile depresyon arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Anksiyete bozukluklarında görülen mutsuzluk belirtisi, dikkat eksikliği/hiperaktivite bozukluğunda görülen mutsuzluk oranlarından anlamlı ölçüde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Takıntı sorunu incelendiğinde, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk ile otizm tanısı alanlar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Aile bildirimlerine göre dışa yönelim sorunları incelendiğinde; yalan söyleme belirtisi anksiyete bozukluğu tanısı alanlarda, otizm tanısı alanlar dışında anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur. İzinsiz alma belirtisi anksiyete bozukluğu tanısı alanlarda, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk tanısı alanlar dışında anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Dürtüsellik belirtisi otizmde anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç: Mutsuzluk oranları, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan kişilerde daha düşük olmasına rağmen anksiyete bozukluğu ve depresyonu olanlar arasında benzerdir. Kaygı sorunu olan çocuklar çok daha az yalan söyleme ve izinsiz alma davranışı sergilerler.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk; çocuk davranış bozuklukları; çocuk psikiyatrisi; yaygın çocuk gelişim bozuklukları
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The study's objective is to investigate the prevalence and severity of internalizing and externalizing issues in some childhood mental diseases as reported by families. Material and Methods: The study's methodology was retrospective descriptive. One hundred seventy-seven children and adolescents with diagnoses of depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder made up the study's sample. As a means of gathering data, family information form records completed by the parents of the study's participants were used. Results: Internalizing problems were examined according to family reports and no significant difference was found between anxiety disorders and depression in terms of unhappiness symptoms. The unhappiness symptom seen in anxiety disorders was found to be significantly higher than the unhappiness rate seen in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (p<0.05). When the problem of obsession was examined, no significant difference was found between those diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder and autism. When externalizing problems are examined according to family reports; lying symptom was found to be significantly lower in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder, except those diagnosed with autism. The sign of trespassing was found to be significantly lower in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder, except those diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (p<0.05). Impulsivity symptom was found to be significantly higher in autism (p<0.05). Conclusion: Unhappiness rates are similar between those with anxiety disorder and depression, although it is lower in people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Children with anxiety problems exhibit much less lying and taking without permission.

Keywords: Child; childhood behavior disorders; child psychiatry; pervasive child development disorders
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30.03.2014

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