Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Articulation and Speech Rates in Speaking and Reading of Youngest-Old and Middle-Old Adults: A Descriptive Research
Genç Yaşlılık ve Orta Yaşlılık Dönemindeki Bireylerin Konuşmada ve Okumada Artikülasyon ve Konuşma Hızları: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
İlayda GÜNDÜZa , Mehmet Emrah CANGİb
aÜsküdar University Institute Health Sciences, Department of Language and Speech Therapy, İstanbul, Türkiye
bUniversity of Health Sciences Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Language and Speech Therapy, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):720-8
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-102090
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Speech and articulation rates are components of prosody and provide information about certain functions and developmental processes. This study primarily aimed to obtain normative preliminary data on the speech and articulation rates of youngest-old and middle-old adults in speaking and reading, and to compare the data in terms of demographics. The secondary aim of this study was to present the correlations between the cognitive performances of the participants. Material and Methods: A total of 50 youngest- and middle-old participants (65-74 and 75-84 years old) whose native language was Turkish were included. A sample of spontaneous speech and reading was analyzed with Praat Acoustic Analysis Program software. Cognitive screening of the participants was performed via the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE). Results: The speech rate of the participants in speaking was 256 syllables per minute (S/M), the articulation rate in speaking was 359.5 S/M, the speech rate in reading was 235.5 S/M, and the articulation rate in reading was 310.5 S/M. There was no statistically significant correlation between SMMSE scores and speech and articulation rates in speaking and reading. When the normative data were compared in terms of gender, the male participants' speech and articulation rates in speaking and reading were found to be higher than those of females. Conclusion: In this study, the speech and articulation rates of the participants were found to be lower in speaking and reading compared to previous studies with younger age groups.

Keywords: Speech rate; articulation rate; reading rate; youngest-old; middle-old
ÖZET
 Amaç: Prozodinin bileşenleri olarak kabul edilen konuşma ve artikülasyon hızı, bazı işlevler ve gelişimsel süreçler hakkında bilgi sağlamaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, genç yaşlılık ve orta yaşlılık dönemindeki bireylerin konuşma ve artikülasyon hızlarına ilişkin normatif ön veriler elde etmek ve bu verileri demografik faktörlere göre karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışmanın ikincil amacı, katılımcıların bilişsel performansları ile konuşma ve artikülasyon hızları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ana dili Türkçe olan genç-yaşlılık (65-74 yaş) ve orta yaşlılık (75-84 yaş) dönemindeki toplam 50 katılımcı çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Spontane konuşma ve okuma örnekleri Praat Akustik Analiz Programı yazılımı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların bilişsel taraması Standardize Mini-Mental Test (SMMT) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların konuşmada konuşma hızı 256 hece/dk (H/D), konuşmada artikülasyon hızı 359,5 H/D, okumada konuşma hızı 235,5 H/D ve okumada artikülasyon hızı 310,5 H/D olarak bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte, SMMT skorları ile konuşma ve okumada konuşma ve artikülasyon hızları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Normatif veriler cinsiyet bağlamında karşılaştırıldığında, erkek katılımcıların konuşma ve okumada konuşma ve artikülasyon hızlarının, kadınlara göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, katılımcıların konuşma ve okumada konuşma ve artikülasyon hızlarının daha genç yaş gruplarıyla yapılan önceki çalışmalara göre daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Konuşma hızı; artikülasyon hızı; okuma hızı; genç yaşlılık; orta yaşlılık
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