Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Amatör Boksörlerin Müsabaka Öncesi Beslenme Örüntülerindeki Değişikliklerin Araştırılması: Kesitsel Çalışma
Investigetion of Changes in Pre-Competition Nutritional Patterns of Amateur Boxers: Cross-Sectional Study
Melisa EKENa , Gökçen GARİPOĞLUb
aBahçeşehir Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
bBahçeşehir Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2023;15(3):430-40
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2023-96916
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, amatör boksörlerin müsabaka öncesi ağırlık kaybetmek için antrenman dönemine göre beslenmelerinde yaptıkları değişiklikleri incelemek hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 15 kadın, 45 erkek boksör katılmıştır. Çalışma pandemi sürecinde yapılmıştır bu sebeple veriler (antropometrik ölçümler, beslenme alışkanlıkları vb.) çevrim içi anket aracılığıyla toplanmış, besin tüketim kayıtları (3 gün müsabaka öncesi, 3 gün antrenman dönemi) telefon görüşmeleriyle alınmıştır. Bulgular: Boksörlerin müsabaka öncesi dönemde ağırlık kaybetmek için önemli derecede enerji kısıtlamasına başvurdukları saptanmıştır. Erkeklerde antrenman yapılan dönemde enerji alımı ortalama 2878,56±1088,52 kcal, kadınlarda ise 2007,24±567,81 kcal (p=0,000) iken; müsabaka öncesi dönemde erkeklerin enerji alımları ortalama 1207,88±462,3 kcal, kadınların ise 1032,86±256,5 kcal'dir (p=0,001). Antrenman yapılan dönemlerde ortalama protein tüketimi kadınlarda 80,92±20,71 g/gün, erkeklerde 109,23±40,66 g/gün, ortalama yağ tüketimi kadınlarda 93,41±24,16 g/gün, erkeklerde 147,64±68,15 g/gün olacak şekilde daha fazla iken, müsabaka öncesi dönemde tüm makro besin ögesi alımlarında ciddi bir azalma vardır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Enerji, makro ve mikro besin ögesi alımları müsabaka öncesinde önemli düzeyde azalan boksörlerin maç performansı düşebilir, sakatlanma riski artabilir ve toparlanma süreci uzayabilir. Sıkletinde yarışmak için boksörlerin antrenman döneminde de doğru beslenme uygulamalarını takip etmesi, müsabaka öncesinde çok kısıtlı diyetler yerine tercih edilmelidir. Bu amaçla, ağırlık kaybı için uygun diyet stratejilerinin geliştirilmesinde bir uzman yardımı alınması da sporcu performansı ve sağlığı için önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Boks; beslenme; ağırlık kaybı; performans
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this study, it was aimed to examine the changes in the diet of amateur boxers according to the training period in order to lose weight before the competition. Material and Methods: 15 female and 45 male boxers participated in the study. The study was carried out during the pandemic period, so data (anthropometric measurements, dietary habits, etc.) were collected through an online questionnaire. Food consumption records (3 days before the competition, 3 days training period) were taken by phone calls. Results: It has been determined that boxers resort to significant energy restriction in order to lose weight in the pre-competition period. The average energy intake for men is 2878.56±1088.52 kcal/day during the training period and 2007.24±567.81 kcal/day for women (p=0.000), the average energy intake for men is 1207.88±462.3 kcal/day, for women 1032.86±256.5 kcal/day, (p=0.001) in the pre-competition period. The average protein consumption is 80.92±20.71 g/day for women, 109.23±40.66 g/day for men, the average fat consumption is 93.41±24.16 g/day for women and 147.64±68.15 g/day for men during training periods which means all macronutrient intakes are higher in training periods. There is a serious decrease in all macronutrient intakes in the pre-competition period (p<0.05). Conclusion: In boxers whose energy, macro and micronutrient intakes are significantly reduced before the competition, match performance may decrease, the risk of injury may increase and the recovery period may take longer. In order to compete in the weight category, boxers should follow correct nutrition practices during the training period, which should be preferred over very limited diets before the competition. For this purpose, getting help from an expert in developing appropriate diet strategies for weight loss is also important for athlete performance and health. For this purpose, getting the help of an expert in the development of appropriate dietary strategies for weight loss is also important for sports performance and athlete health.

Keywords: Boxing; nutrition; weight loss; performance
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