Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Alt Ekstremite Amputasyonu Olan Bireylerin Vücut İmajı: Kesitsel Çalışma
Body Image in Individuals with Lower Limb Amputation: Cross-sectional Study
Ramazan İlter ÖZTÜRKa, Gülhan KÜÇÜK ÖZTÜRKb
aNevşehir Devlet Hastanesi, Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Bölümü, Nevşehir, TÜRKİYE
bNevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Semra ve Vefa Küçük Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği ABD, Nevşehir TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2021;41(3):205-13
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2021-84426
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, alt ekstremite amputasyonu olan bireylerin vücut imajlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak Eylül-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında, alt ekstremite amputasyonu olan bireylerle yapılmıştır. Çalışmada örneklem seçimine gidilmeyerek, seçim kriterlerine uyan 108 birey örneklemi oluşturmuştur. Veriler tanıtıcı bilgi formu ve Ampute Vücut İmajı Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel değerlendirmesi bilgisayar ortamında yapılmıştır. Çalışmada p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Araştırmanın uygulanabilmesi için Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesinden etik kurul izni ve çalışma kapsamındaki bireylerden onam alınmıştır. Bulgular: Bireylerin yaş ortalamaları 45,58±17,16 ve %54,6'sı kadındır. Bireylerin %66,6'sının evli olduğu, %52,8'inin çalışmadığı ve %61,1'inin kronik hastalığa sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, bireylerin ampüte vücut imajı toplam puan ortalamasının 63,93±11,06 olduğu saptanmıştır. Kadın olan, bekâr olan, bir işte çalışmayan ve travma nedeniyle alt ekstremite amputasyonu olan bireylerin vücut imajının daha kötü olduğu bulunmuştur (p=0,004, p=0,015, p=0,006, p=0,037). Amputasyondan bu yana geçen yıl ve protez kullanım yıl süresi arttıkça vücut imajı puanlarının orta düzeyde azaldığı dolayısıyla vücut imajının düzeldiği belirlenmiştir (r:-0,506 p=0,001, -0,457 p=0,001). Ayrıca çalışma durumunun, amputasyon etiyolojisinin ve protez kullanım süresinin (sırasıyla ß=0,278, ß=0,228, ß=-0,515) ampüte vücut imajı puanı üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu görülmektedir (sırasıyla p=0,004, p=0,021, p=0,000). Ampüte vücut imajı üzerindeki değişimin %38,2'si bazı değişkenlerle açıklanmaktadır. Sonuç: Çalışmada, alt ekstremite amputasyonu olan bireylerin, kötü vücut imajına sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çalışma durumunun, amputasyon etiyolojisinin ve protez kullanım süresinin ampüte vücut imajı puanı üzerinde bir etkisinin olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu doğrultuda, alt ekstremite amputasyonu olan bireylerin rehabilitasyon sürecinde vücut imajının kapsamlı değerlendirilerek psikososyal destek verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Alt ekstremite; amputasyon; vücut imajı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the body image of individuals with lower limb amputation. Material and Methods: The study, conducted between September and December 2020, followed a cross-sectional design and included 108 individuals with lower limb amputation; although sampling was not performed, individuals with lower limb amputation who complied with the selection criteria constituted the sample. The data were collected with the introductory information form and the amputee body image scale. Statistical evaluation of the data was done on the computer. The p<0.05 value was considered statistically significant in the study. Ethics committee permission from Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University and consent from the individuals within the scope of the study were obtained for the application of the study. Results: 54.6% of the individuals are female. The average age of all individuals was 45.58±17.16 years. Further, 66.6% of the individuals were married and 52.8% did not work and 61.1% had chronic diseases. The total mean score of the individuals with lower limb amputation' Amputee Body Scale 63.93±11.06. Body image was worse in individuals who were female, single, unemployed, and had lower extremity amputation due to trauma (p=0.004, p=0.015, p=0.006, p=0.037). It was determined that as the years passed since the amputation and the duration of prosthesis use increased, body image scores decreased moderately, so body image improved (r:-0.506 p=0.001, -0.457 p=0.001). In addition, employment status, amputation etiology, and prosthesis usage time (respectively ß=0.278, ß=0.228, ß=-0.515) seem to have a statistically significant effect on the amputee body image score (p=0.004, p=0.021, p=0.000, respectively). 38.2% of the change in amputee body image is explained by some variables. Conclusion: In the study, it was found that individuals with lower extremity amputation have a bad body image. In addition, it was found that employment status, amputation etiology and prosthesis usage time had an effect on the amputee body image score. It is recommended to provide psychosocial support by comprehensively evaluating the body image of individuals with lower extremity amputation during the rehabilitation process.

Keywords: Lower limb; amputation; body image
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