Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Ailelerin Çocuklarının Ağız ve Diş Sağlığı Konusundaki Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of Familial Attitudes and Behaviours on Children's Oral Health
Müge TOKUÇa, Sinem YILDIRIMa
aİstanbul Okan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Çocuk Diş Hekimliği ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2021;27(3):381-92
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2020-77007
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuklarının ağız ve diş sağlığı konusunda annelerin tutum ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi, annenin eğitim seviyesi ve ailenin aylık gelir durumunun çocuğun ağız ve diş sağlığı üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemize başvuran 313 çocuk ve annesi çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Annelere, çocuğunun ağız ve diş sağlığı ile ilgili davranışları ve diş hekimi ziyaretlerini içeren 12 soruluk bir anket uygulandı. Çocukların çürük prevalansları çürümüş, kayıp ve dolgulu dişler [decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT)] ve dmft indekslerine göre belirlendi. Bulgular: Annenin eğitim seviyesi ve ailenin aylık gelir durumu ile çocuğun 'diş fırçasına sahip olma yaşı', 'fırçalama sırasında annenin çocuğuna yardımcı olma durumu' ve 'çocuğun ilk kez diş hekimine götürülme nedeni' arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edildi (p<0,05). 'Günlük fırçalama yapmayan' çocukların anneleri büyük oranda düşük eğitim seviyesine sahipti (p=0,048). Annelerin 'diş macunlarının flor içeriği' ve 'flor uygulamaları hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumları' ile eğitim seviyeleri arasında anlamlılık görüldü (p<0,001). Yüksek eğitimli annelerin 'çocuğunu diş hekimine götürme yaşı' anlamlı bir şekilde düşük, 'kontrol amaçlı' diş hekimine başvurma oranı ise anlamlı bir şekilde daha yüksekti (p=<0,001). 'Sosyal güvencenin geçerli olduğu kurumları' tercih edenlerin çoğunlukla aylık geliri 1.500 TL altı olan aileler olduğu görüldü (p=0,001; p=0,029). Aylık geliri 2.000 TL üzeri olan ailelerin çocuklarında DMFT değerleri anlamlı bir şekilde daha düşüktü (p=0,031). Sonuç: Ailenin aylık gelir durumu çocuğun ağız ve diş sağlığını geliştiren ve çürük prevalansını azaltan bir etken olarak saptandı. Eğitim seviyesinin artması ile annenin farkındalığının arttığı görülse de anne eğitim seviyesi çocuğun çürük prevalansını azaltıcı bir etken olarak belirlenmedi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ağız sağlığı; çocuk; ebeveynler
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Assessing the mothers' attitudes and behaviours about the oral health of their children and the impact of mothers' educational level and family's monthly income on children's oral health. Material and Methods: 313 children and their mothers were included in the study. A questionnaire including mothers' attidues and behaviors regarding their children's oral health and dentist visits was applied to the mothers. Caries prevalence of children was determined via decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and dmft indexes. Results: A significant correlation was found between the family's monthly income, mother's educational level and the child's 'age of having a toothbrush', 'mother's aid while brushing' and 'the reason of consulting a dentist' (p<0.05). Mothers of children who 'did not brush daily' had significantly low educational level (p=0,048). There was a significant relationship between mother's educational level and knowledge about fluor and its applications (p<0.001). 'The age of first dentist visit' of highly educated mothers' children was significantly low and the rate of 'consulting a dentist for control' was significantly high (p<0.001). Families who preferred 'institutions where social insurance is valid' mostly had monthly income below 1,500 TL (p=0.001; p=0.029). DMFT values were significantly lower in children of families with a monthly income above 2,000 TL. (p=0.031). Conclusion: Monthly income of the family was found to be a factor that improves child's oral health and reduces the prevalence of caries. Although the awareness of the mother increased with educational level, this was not determined as a factor that reduces the prevalance of caries.

Keywords: Oral health; children; parents
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