Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Adaptation of Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment to Turkish and its Validity and Reliability: Methodological Study
Yutmada Oral Motor Değerlendirme Ölçeği'nin Türkçeye Uyarlanması, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği: Metodolojik Çalışma
Ayşegül YILMAZa , Seyhun TOPBAŞa
aİstanbul Medipol University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Speech and Language Therapy, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):711-9
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-98949
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Swallowing disorders may occur in children and may lead to life-threatening problems. It is important to assess swallowing in a practical way in clinical settings. Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment (SOMA) is a standardized scale developed for pediatric oral motor feeding assessment for use in clinical evaluation. In Türkiye there is a need a tool for the clinical evaluation of swallowing during feeding. Therefore, SOMA was adapted to Turkish and its validity and reliability were calculated. Material and Methods: Adaptation was made by translation and back-translation method, and the Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated. The tool named ''Yutmada Oral Motor Değerlendirme Ölçeği (YOMDÖ)'' was administered 37 children with diagnosis of cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, developmental delay, and 13 children with typically development. For validity; item analyses, cluster analysis and Karaduman Chewing Performance Scale, for reliability, test-retest and interrater reliability methods were performed. Internal consistency was calculated and receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. Results: CVI was>0.80. No items were excluded. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated for the equivalent criterion (r=0.989, p=0.000). Percentage of agreement and Kappa were>75% and >0.61 in test-retest, and >79% and >0.63 in interrater reliability method. Internal consistency was 0.971 for the total score. The percentages of sensitivity (88%), specificity (90%), positive predictive value (84%), and negative predictive value (93%) for the total score were satisfactory, yet the sensitivity percentages of some of the subcategories were low. Conclusion: The scale, which was adapted into Turkish and called YOMDÖ, is a valid and reliable scale that can be used in the clinical evaluation of pediatric oral motor feeding skills.

Keywords: Oral motor; pediatric dysphagia; pediatric feeding disorders; reliability; Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment; validity
ÖZET
 Amaç: Pediatrik popülasyonda beslenme ve yutma bozukluğu görülebilir, yaşamı tehdit eden sorunlara neden olabilir. Yutma fonksiyonunu klinik ortamda pratik şekilde değerlendirmek önemlidir. Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment (SOMA) klinik değerlendirmede kullanılmak üzere pediatrik oral motor beslenme değerlendirmesi için geliştirilmiş, standardize ve objektif bir ölçektir. Ülkemizde, pediatrik grupta yutma fonksiyonunun klinik değerlendirmesinde beslenme esnasında değerlendirmeye dayalı bir ölçeğe ihtiyaç vardır. Bu amaçla, SOMA Türkçeye uyarlanmış, geçerlik-güvenilirliği incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çeviri-geri çeviri yöntemi kullanılmış, Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi (KGİ) hesaplanmıştır. Yutmada Oral Motor Değerlendirme Ölçeği (YOMDÖ) adını alan ölçek serebral palsi, Down sendromu, gelişim geriliği tanılı 37 ve tipik gelişen 13 çocuğa uygulanmıştır. Geçerlik için madde güçlük ve ayırt edicilik indeksleri hesaplanmış, ölçüt geçerliğinde küme analizi ve Karaduman Çiğneme Performans Testi, güvenirlik için test-tekrar test ve gözlemciler arası güvenirlik yöntemi uygulanmıştır. İç tutarlılık hesaplanmış, alıcı işletim karakteristik analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: KGİ>0,80'dir. Madde çıkarılmamıştır. Eş değer ölçütte Spearman korelasyon katsayısı incelenmiştir (r=0,989, p=0,000). Test-tekrar test yönteminde uyum yüzdesi>%75, Kappa>0,61, gözlemciler arası güvenirlikte uyum yüzdesi>0,63, Kappa katsayısı %79'unda 0,63'ün üzerindedir. İç tutarlılık toplam skorda 0,971, alt kategorilerde 0,803-0,913 aralığında bulunmuştur. Toplam skorun duyarlılık (%88), özgüllük (%90), pozitif prediktif değer (%84), negatif prediktif değer (%93) yüzdelerinin yeterli, bazı alt kategorilerin duyarlılığının düşük düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Türkçeye uyarlanıp YOMDÖ adını alan ölçek, pediatrik oral motor beslenme becerilerinin klinik değerlendirmesinde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Oral motor; pediatrik yutma; pediatrik beslenme bozukluğu; güvenirlik; Yutmada Oral Motor Değerlendirme Ölçeği; geçerlik
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