Bu çalışma, rejeneratif tıp dünyasında araştırmacılar tarafından 3 boyutlu (3B) biyobasım alanında yapılan çalışmalara ait bir analizdir. Konunun spesifikliği ve buna rağmen çok geniş yayın yelpazesine dağılması, çoklu disiplinli bilimsel yapıda olması nedenleriyle analiz etmek ve bir makale kapsamına sığdırmak zordur. Biyobasım, büyük oranda transplantasyon ve bir ölçüde ilaç keşfi ve toksikoloji araştırmalarında kullanılacak uygun doku ve organlara olan ihtiyacı gidermek amacıyla doku mühendisliğinde biyomalzemeler veya hücrelerle biyolojik yapıları in vivo veya in vitro üretmek için, laboratuvar çalışması ve/veya bilgisayar destekli biyoyazdırma işlemleridir. Bu işlemlerde özellikle yumuşak dokuları simüle edebilmesi, hidrofilik yapısı ve yüksek biyouyumluluğu sayesinde hidrojeller yoğun kullanılır. İskele yapıları hidrojellerle beraber dokulara temel oluşturur. İskelelerin ve dokuların üretiminde 3B biyoyazıcılar da kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 3B biyobasım hakkında literatürdeki önemli bilgiler ve güncel uygulama örnekleri derlenmiştir. Ayrıca organ ve özellikle böbrek basımı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar irdelenmiştir. 3B biyobasımın nispeten yeni olmasından dolayı gelişim süreci ile yapılan çalışmalar, bu teknolojiyi yapılandırmakta ve bu anlamda tanımını ve içeriğini oluşturmaktadır. Bundan dolayı ve artan ilginin de gösterdiği önemi nedeniyle bu makalede, 3B biyobasımın okunabilirliğinin artırılması da amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Doku mühendisliği; biyobaskı; hidrojel; iskele; böbrek
This review is an analysis of the studies carried out in the field of three-dimensional bioprinting by people working in the regenerative medicine world. Due to the specificity of the subject and its distribution to a wide range of publications and its multidisciplinary scientific structure, it is difficult to analyze and fit within the scope of an article. Bioprinting is a laboratory study and/or a computer-aided process to produce biomaterials or cells in tissue engineering in vivo or in vitro for the purpose of relieving the need for appropriate tissues and organs to be used in a large extent in transplantation and to some extent in drug discovery and toxicology research. In these processes, hydrogels are used intensively due to their ability to simulate soft tissues, hydrophilic structure and high biocompatibility. Scaffold structures are the basis for the tissues together with hydrogels. Three-dimensional bioprinters are also used in the production of scaffold and tissue. In this study, important information and actual application examples about the three dimensional bioprint literature have been compiled. In addition, studies on organ and especially kidney compression are examined. Due to the fact that the three-dimensional bioprint is relatively new, the studies carried out with the development process define this technology and in this sense constitute the definition and the content. Therefore and due to the importance of increasing interest, it is aimed to increase the readability of the three-dimensional bioprint.
Keywords: Tissue engineering; bioprinting; hydrogel; scaffold; kidney
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