İlaç hatalarının artması sonucunda, sağlık harcamaları da artmakta ve hasta sonuçları kötüleşebilmektedir. Klinik eczacılar, sağlık ekibine katılarak ve özellikle ilaç kullanımı ile ilgili sorumlulukları paylaşarak ilaçla ilgili sorunların belirlenmesi ve önlenmesi konusunda fayda sağlamaktadırlar. Yaklaşık 60 yıl önce Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde klinik eczacılık uzmanlığı tanımlanmıştır ve şu anda birçok ülkenin sağlık sisteminde klinik eczacılık uygulamaları mevcuttur. Klinik eczacılık, hizmetlerinde farmasötik bakım felsefesini benimsemektedir ve birincil amaç olarak en ideal hasta sonuçlarının elde edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Klinik eczacılık hizmetleri, hastaneler, serbest eczaneler, poliklinikler, bakım evleri, evde bakım hizmetleri gibi sağlık hizmeti sunulan tüm ortamlarda verilebilmektedir. Klinik eczacılık hizmetleri; ilaç danışmanlığı ve hasta eğitimi hizmeti, kapsamlı ilaç yönetimi, ilaç uzlaşısı, ilaç incelemesi, ilaçla ilişkili sorunların saptanması ve önlenmesi, tedavi izlemi ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri gibi bazı ana konu başlıklarında incelenebilir. Klinik eczacının kim olduğuna odaklanan bu derlemede, klinik eczacılığın genel konsepti ve klinik eczacılık eğitimi, çalışma alanları ve sunulan hizmetler özetlenmiştir. Bu derlemenin ülkemizdeki klinik eczacılık hizmetlerinin uygulanması ve geliştirilmesi sırasında araştırmacılar, uygulayıcılar ve sağlık sistemi geliştiricileri için yararlı bir kaynak olması beklenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Eczacılar; farmasötik hizmetler; tedavi hataları; klinik eczacılık
There are concerns regarding an increase in medication error that could be resulted in high health costs and poor patient outcomes. Clinical pharmacists would be a beneficial impact on the prevention and detection of medication-related problems by involving the health care team and sharing responsibilities, especially about medication utilization. Almost sixty years ago, specialization in clinical pharmacy was defined in the United States of America and currently available in the health-system of many countries. Clinical pharmacy adopts the philosophy of pharmaceutical care in its services and aims to achieve the most ideal patients' clinical outcomes as the primary purpose. Clinical pharmacy services can be provided in all healthcare settings such as hospitals, community pharmacies, outpatient clinics, nursing homes, home care services. Clinical pharmacy services can be sorted in some major topics, such as drug information, patient counseling and education, comprehensive medication management, medication reconciliation, medication review, prevention and detection of medication-related problems, therapeutic drug monitoring, and preventive health services. Focusing on who the clinical pharmacist is, this review was summarized the general concept of clinical pharmacy and clinical pharmacists' education, workplace, and services. This review is expected to be a useful resource for researchers and practitioners and health care system developers during the implementation and development of clinical pharmacy services in our country.
Keywords: Pharmacists; pharmaceutical services; medication errors; clinical pharmacy
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