Bireyin etik ideolojisinin, ahlaki yargılamasını ve kararlarını etkilediği, önemli ölçüde davranışlarının belirleyicisi olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Ebelik öğrencileri, klinik uygulama eğitimleri sırasında etik sorunlara tanık olabilmekte, kendileri de etik sorun deneyimleyebilmektedir. Öğrenci ebelerin etik ideolojilerinin belirlenmesi, mesleki uygulamalarıyla ilgili ahlaki yargılarının ve tutumlarının öngörülmesini sağlayabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de son sınıf ebelik öğrencilerinin etik ideolojilerinin ve etik ideolojilerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki çalışma, Nisan 2017 ve Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'de ebelik lisans eğitimi veren 29 üniversitenin son sınıf ebelik öğrencileriyle (n=1.138) yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya ilişkin veriler; öğrenci bilgi formu ve Etik Pozisyon Ölçeği (EPÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %94,6'sı ebelikte etik eğitimin gerekli olduğunu, %96,4'ü eğitimin etik alanında uzman kişi tarafından verilmesi gerektiğini, %58,3'ü verilen etik eğitimin süresini ve %54,5'i verilen etik eğitiminin içeriğini yeterli bulduğunu belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin EPÖ, idealizm ve rölativizm alt boyut ortalama puanları sırasıyla; 75,96±9,32, 40,54±5,01 ve 35,42±6,20 olarak belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin kardeş sayısı, annesinin eğitim düzeyi, ebelik bölümünü isteyerek seçme, etik eğitimi gerekli bulma ve lisans eğitimi dışında etik eğitimi alma durumları ile etik ideolojileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda, son sınıf ebelik öğrencilerinin etik ideolojilerinin idealizm eğiliminde olduğu, öğrencilerin daha idealist olmalarının, etik karar vermelerini olumlu yönde etkileyeceği söylenebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ebelikte etik; etik ideoloji; etik pozisyon; ebelik; öğrenci
It is put forward that the ethical ideology of the individual affects her/his moral judgment and decisions and is a significant determinant of her behavior. Midwifery students can witness ethical problems in clinical practice training and experience ethical problems themselves. Determining the ethical ideologies of student midwives can predict their moral judgments and attitudes regarding their professional practices. The aim of this study is to determine the ethical ideology of senior midwifery students in Turkey. The crosssectional descriptive study was conducted between April 2017 and July 2018, with senior midwifery students (n=1,138) of 29 universities that midwifery education in Turkey. Research data was collected using the student information form and the Ethics Position Questionnaire (EPQ). 94.6% of participating in the study stated ethical education is necessary in midwifery and 96.4% stated ethics education should be given by ethics specialist are necessary, 58.3% stated duration of ethical education given and 54.5% stated content of ethical education are enough. Students' EPQ, idealism and relativism subdimension mean scores were respectively; 75.96±9.32, 40.54±5.01 and 35.42±6.20. A significant difference was found between the number of siblings of the students, the education level of their mother, willingly choosing the department of midwifery, finding ethical education necessary and receiving ethical education other than undergraduate education with their ethical ideologies. As a result, it can be said that the ethical positions of midwifery students in the last year tend to be idealistic, and that students' being more idealistic will positively affect their ethical decision-making.
Keywords: Ethics in midwifery; ethical ideology; ethics position; midwifery; student
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