Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of intensive care nurses related to moral distress. Material and Methods: In this study, focus group interview, which is a qualitative research technique, was used. This qualitative study was carried out in a university hospital's intensive care unit between April 1, 2019 and June 1, 2019 in the city of Düzce. We conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 18 intensive care nurses to explore nurses' experiences related to moral distress. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, utilising the 6 phases outlined by Braun and Clarke. Results: After analyzed data, 5 themes were identified; I) Meaning of the moral distress, II) Experiences of moral distress, III) Effects of moral distress, IV) Coping techniques, V) Suggestions and solutions for reducing or preventing moral distress. Conclusion: In the study, most of the nurses did not have a clear knowledge about the concept of moral distress and had not heard of it before. With this, it was determined that nurses working in intensive care units have physical and psychological problems due to moral distress. To cope with moral distress, nurses use both effective and ineffective coping methods. In order to prevent or reduce moral distress, managers should develop and design strategies for supporting nurses.
Keywords: Moral distress; intensive care; intensive care nurses
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin ahlaki sıkıntı ile ilgili deneyimlerini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma tekniği olan odak grup görüşmesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 1 Nisan 2019-1 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Düzce'de bir üniversite hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hemşirelerin ahlaki sıkıntı ile ilgili deneyimlerini belirlemek amacıyla 18 yoğun bakım hemşiresinden oluşan amaçlı bir örneklem ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin tematik analizi Braun ve Clark'ın 6 aşamalı yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Verilerin analizi sonrasında 5 tema belirlenmiştir; I) Ahlaki sıkıntının anlamı, II) Ahlaki sıkıntı deneyimleri, III) Ahlaki sıkıntının etkileri, IV) Başa çıkma teknikleri, V) Ahlaki sıkıntının önlenmesine veya azaltılmasına yönelik öneriler ve çözümler. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelerin çoğunun ahlaki sıkıntı kavramını daha önce duymadığı ve bu kavram hakkında bilgi sahibi olmadığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte yoğun bakımda çalışan hemşirelerin ahlaki sıkıntı nedeniyle fiziksel ve psikolojik problemler yaşadıkları saptanmıştır. Ahlaki sıkıntı ile baş etmede hemşireler etkili ve etkili olmayan baş etme stratejilerini kullanmaktadır. Ahlaki sıkıntının önlenmesinde veya azaltılmasında yöneticilerin hemşireleri desteklemesi ve bu yönde stratejiler geliştirmesi gerekmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ahlaki sıkıntı; yoğun bakım; yoğun bakım hemşireleri
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