Objective: This study examines the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and its impact on various aspects of well-being, including sleep quality (SQ) and overall quality of life (QOL). Material and Methods: A total of 702 healthy adults aged 18-65 in this cross-sectional research. The study utilized questionnaires to assess sociodemographic information, anthropometric measurements, MD adherence (using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale), SQ (using the Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale), and overall QOL [using the Short Form of the Quality-of-Life Scale (SF-36)]. Results: Most participants demonstrated low or moderate adherence to the MD, irrespective of gender. Adherence to MD was negatively correlated with waist circumference (r=-0.169, p<0.01) and waist-to-hip ratio (r=-0.177, p<0.01). However, no significant associations were found between MD adherence and SQ or overall QOL (p>0.05). Age was positively correlated with MD adherence (r=0.106, p<0.01). Participants with high MD adherence had a higher mean health perception score than those with average and low adherence. In addition, MD adherence was positively correlated with certain subscales of the SF-36, such as role limitation (emotional problems) (r=0.132, p=<0.01), energy and vitality (r=0.092, p<0.05), mental health (r=0.084, p<0.05) even after controlling for age. Conclusion: This study highlights that most participants exhibited low to moderate adherence to the MD, and while adherence was associated with improved body composition, no significant relationship was observed with SQ and overall QOL. The complexity of the relationship between adherence to the MD and wellbeing underscores the need for further research in this area.
Keywords: Mediterranean diet; sleep quality; quality of life
Amaç: Bu çalışma, Akdeniz diyetine (AD) uyum ile uyku kalitesi (UK) ve genel yaşam kalitesini (YK) içeren refahın çeşitli yönleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel araştırmaya yaşları 18-65 arasında değişen toplam 702 sağlıklı erişkin birey katılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan anket formu ile bireylerin sosyodemografik bilgileri, antropometrik ölçümleri, AD'ye uyumu (Akdeniz Diyet Uyum Ölçeği kullanılarak), UK (Richard-Campbell Uyku Ölçeği kullanılarak) ve genel YK [Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (SF-36) kullanılarak] değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların çoğu, cinsiyetten bağımsız olarak AD'ye düşük veya orta düzeyde uyum göstermektedir. AD uyum, bel çevresi (r=-0,169, p<0,01) ve bel-kalça oranı (r=-0,177, p<0,01) ile negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, AD uyum ile UK veya YK arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Yaş, AD'ye uyum ile pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir (r=0,106, p<0,01). AD'ye uyumu yüksek olan katılımcıların ortalama sağlık algısı puanları, orta ve düşük uyuma sahip olanlardan daha yüksektir. Ayrıca AD'ye uyum, yaşa göre düzeltme yapıldığında bile SF-36'nın rol sınırlaması (duygusal sorunlar) (r=0,132, p=<0,01), enerji ve zindelik (r=0,092, p<0,05), zihinsel sağlık (r=0,084, p<0,05) alt ölçekleriyle pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, çoğu katılımcı AD'ye düşük ila orta düzeyde uyum göstermiştir ve AD'ye uyum daha iyi vücut kompozisyonu ile ilişkili bulunmasına rağmen, UK ve genel YK ile anlamlı bir ilişki gözlenmemiştir. AD'ye uyum ile refah arasındaki ilişkinin karmaşıklığı, bu alanda daha fazla araştırmaya duyulan ihtiyacı vurgulamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Akdeniz diyeti; uyku kalitesi; yaşam kalitesi
- Andrade V, Jorge R, García-Conesa MT, Philippou E, Massaro M, Chervenkov M, et al. Mediterranean diet adherence and subjective well-being in a sample of portuguese adults. Nutrients. 2020;12(12):3837. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Radd-Vagenas S, Kouris-Blazos A, Singh MF, Flood VM. Evolution of Mediterranean diets and cuisine: concepts and definitions. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017;26(5):749-63. [PubMed]
- Guasch-Ferré M, Willett WC. The Mediterranean diet and health: a comprehensive overview. J Intern Med. 2021;290(3):549-66. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Zaragoza-Martí A, Ferrer-Cascales R, Hurtado-Sánchez JA, Laguna-Pérez A, Cabañero-Martínez MJ. Relationship between adherence to the mediterranean diet and health-related quality of life and life satisfaction among older adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22(1):89-96. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Scoditti E, Tumolo MR, Garbarino S. Mediterranean diet on sleep: a health alliance. Nutrients. 2022;14(14):2998. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Palagini L, Hertenstein E, Riemann D, Nissen C. Sleep, insomnia and mental health. J Sleep Res. 2022;31(4):e13628. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Pano O, Sayón-Orea C, Gea A, Bes-Rastrollo M, Martínez-González MÁ, Martínez JA. Nutritional determinants of quality of life in a mediterranean cohort: the SUN study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(11):3897. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Medic G, Wille M, Hemels ME. Short- and long-term health consequences of sleep disruption. Nat Sci Sleep. 2017;9:151-61. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- St-Onge MP, Mikic A, Pietrolungo CE. Effects of diet on sleep quality. Adv Nutr. 2016;7(5):938-49. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Tan X, Alén M, Cheng SM, Mikkola TM, Tenhunen J, Lyytikäinen A, et al. Associations of disordered sleep with body fat distribution, physical activity and diet among overweight middle-aged men. J Sleep Res. 2015;24(4):414-24. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Henríquez Sánchez P, Ruano C, de Irala J, Ruiz-Canela M, Martínez-González MA, Sánchez-Villegas A. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and quality of life in the SUN Project. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012;66(3):360-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Baysal A, Aksoy M, Besler HT, Bozkurt N, Keçecioğlu S, Mercanlıgil SM, et al. Diyet El Kitabı. 5. Baskı. Ankara: Hatiboğlu Yayınları; 2008.
- World Health Organization. Physical Status: The use of and Interpretation of Anthropometry: Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva (Switzerland): Office of Publications, WHO; 1995.
- World Health Organization. Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Geneva (Switzerland): WHO Document Production Services; 2011.
- Martínez-González MA, García-Arellano A, Toledo E, Salas-Salvadó J, Buil-Cosiales P, Corella D, et al; PREDIMED Study Investigators. A 14-item Mediterranean diet assessment tool and obesity indexes among high-risk subjects: the PREDIMED trial. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43134. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Özkan Pehlivanoğlu EF, Balcıoğlu H, Ünlüoğlu İ. Akdeniz diyeti bağlılık ölçeği'nin türkçe'ye uyarlanması geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği [Turkish validation and reliability of mediterranean diet adherence screener]. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2020;42(2):160-4. [Crossref]
- Özlü ZK, Özer N. Richard-Campbell Uyku Ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması [Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire validity and reliability study]. Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine. 2015;2:29-32. [Crossref]
- Ware JE Jr. SF-36 health survey update. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25(24):3130-9. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Ölmez N, Memiş A. Kısa Form-36 (KF-36)'nın Turkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği [Reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of Short Form-36 (SF-36)]. Ilac ve Tedavi Dergisi. 1999;12(2):102-6. [Link]
- Obeid CA, Gubbels JS, Jaalouk D, Kremers SPJ, Oenema A. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet among adults in Mediterranean countries: a systematic literature review. Eur J Nutr. 2022;61(7):3327-44. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Mendonça N, Gregório MJ, Salvador C, Henriques AR, Canhão H, Rodrigues AM. Low adherence to the mediterranean diet is associated with poor socioeconomic status and younger age: a cross-sectional analysis of the EpiDoC Cohort. Nutrients. 2022;14(6):1239. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Yu D, Zhang X, Xiang YB, Yang G, Li H, Gao YT, et al. Adherence to dietary guidelines and mortality: a report from prospective cohort studies of 134,000 Chinese adults in urban Shanghai. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100(2):693-700. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Romaguera D, Norat T, Mouw T, May AM, Bamia C, Slimani N, et al. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower abdominal adiposity in European men and women. J Nutr. 2009;139(9):1728-37. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Naja F, Hasan H, Khadem SH, Buanq MA, Al-Mulla HK, Aljassmi AK, et al. Adherence to the mediterranean diet and its association with sleep quality and chronotype among youth: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr. 2022;8:805955. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Mantzorou M, Mentzelou M, Vasios GK, Kontogiorgis C, Antasouras G, Vadikolias K, et al. Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with favorable health-related quality of life, physical activity, and sleep quality in a community-dwelling greek older population. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(5):983. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Grandner MA. Sleep, health, and society. Sleep Med Clin. 2017;12(1):1-22. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Gungor S, Tosun B, Unal N, Dusak I. Evaluation of dyspnea severity and sleep quality in patients with novel coronavirus. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(10):e14631. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- López-Olivares M, Fernández-Gómez E, Mohatar-Barba M, Luque-Vara T, Nestares T, López-Bueno M, et al. Adherence to the mediterranean diet is associated with health-related quality of life and anthropometric measurements in university professors. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(13):1928. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- de-Mateo-Silleras B, Camina-Martín MA, Cartujo-Redondo A, Carreño- Enciso L, de-la-Cruz-Marcos S, Redondo-Del-Río P. Health perception according to the lifestyle of university students. J Community Health. 2019;44(1):74-80. [PubMed]
- Romero-Robles MA, Ccami-Bernal F, Ortiz-Benique ZN, Pinto-Ruiz DF, Benites-Zapata VA, Casas Patiño D. Adherence to Mediterranean diet associated with health-related quality of life in children and adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Nutr. 2022;8(1):57. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Alcubierre N, Martinez-Alonso M, Valls J, Rubinat E, Traveset A, Hernández M, et al. Relationship of the adherence to the Mediterranean diet with health-related quality of life and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a post-hoc analysis of a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2016;14:69. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
.: İşlem Listesi