Objective: Early detection of sucking habits, which play a role in oral development, may help mitigate their potential adverse effects on children's quality of life. Evaluate the impact of sucking habits on primary dentition and the quality of life associated with malocclusion in children. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 220 children aged 3-6 years. During intraoral examination, decayed, missed, filled teeth (dmft) scores; second primary molar and canine relationship; presence/absence of crossbite, midline deviation, overbite and overjet were recorded. The parents were asked to complete a questionnaire that includes information about sucking habit. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was used to assess the effect of malocclusion on quality of life. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to analyse the data (statistical significance; p<0.05). Results: The pacifier using duration was detected to be associated with the duration of nutritive sucking habits (p<0.001). Feeding style and breastfeeding duration were associated with dmft scores (p<0.05). Relationships were observed between the duration of pacifier use and both the primary molar plane, primary canine relationships, and overbite (p<0.05). The primary molar plane relationships were associated with the type of pacifier used (p<0.05). The frequency of pacifier usage was found to be related to primary molar plane and canine occlusion (p<0.05). Malocclusion and ECOHIS scores were not associated (p>0.05). Conclusion: Nutritive sucking habits were found to be associated with caries scores, and pacifier use was shown to have an impact on primary dentition. Therefore, it is considered necessary to increase parental awareness regarding these issues.
Keywords: Breast feeding; pacifier; malocclusion; quality of life; pediatric dentistry
Amaç: Oral gelişimde önemli olan emme alışkanlıklarının erken teşhisi, çocukların yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerin önlenmesinde yardımcı olabilir. Emme alışkanlıklarının süt dentisyon ve çocuğun maloklüzyon ile ilişkili yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel çalışma, 3-6 yaş arası 220 çocuk arasında gerçekleştirildi. Çocukların ağız içi muayenesi sırasında çürük, eksik, dolgulu diş sayısı (dmft) skoru, süt 2. molar terminal düzlem ve süt kanin ilişkisi, çapraz kapanış varlığı, orta hat sapması, overbite ve overjet miktarı kaydedildi. Ebeveynlere, emme alışkanlıklarına ilişkin verileri içeren bir anket uygulandı. Maloklüzyonun yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için Erken Çocukluk Çağı Ağız Sağlığı Etki Ölçeği [Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS)] kullanıldı. Analizler Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve ki-kare testleri kullanılarak yapıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Emzik kullanma süresinin, besleyici emme alışkanlıklarının süresi ile ilişkili olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,001). Beslenme şekli ve emzirme süresi, dmft ile ilişkili bulundu (p<0,05). Emzik kullanma süresi ile süt molar düzlem ilişkisi, süt kanin ilişkisi ve overbite arasında bir ilişki gözlemlendi (p<0,05). Süt molar düzlem ilişkisinin kullanılan emzik türü ile ilişkili olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,01). Emzik kullanma sıklığı ile süt molar düzlem ilişkisi ve süt kanin kapanışı ilişkili bulundu (p<0,05). Maloklüzyon ile ECOHIS skorları arasında bir ilişki saptanmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: Besleyici emme alışkanlıklarının çürük skorlarıyla ilişkili olduğu ve emzik kullanımının süt dişlenme üzerinde etkisi olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle ebeveynlerin bu konulardaki farkındalığının arttırılması gerekli görülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Emzirme; emzik; maloklüzyon; yaşam kalitesi; çocuk diş hekimliği
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