SİGARA İÇMEYEN KADINLARDA KRONİK OBSTRÜKTİF AKCİĞER HASTALIĞININ ETİYOLOJİSİ
Etiology of COPD in Non-Smoker Females
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Res. 2001;19(1):31-5
Makale Dili: TR
Tam Metin
ÖZET
Sigara içmeyen 30 KOAHlı kadın hastada etyolojik risk faktörleri araştırıldı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 64.17 (47-85) olup, ortalama hastalık süresi 14.23 olarak bulundu. Hastaların 22si evhanımı, 2si emekli temizlik işçisi, l i emekli öğretmen, Ii evhanımı ancak 20 yıl önce 5 yıl süreyle kömür nakliye işiyle uğraşmış, 2si emekli hizmetli, l i emekli hemşire, l i çiftçi idi. Sürekli şehirde yaşamış hasta sayısı 10 (33%), köyde yaşamış hasta sayısı 8 (26%), hem köyde, hemde şehirde yaşamış hasta sayısı ise 12 (%40) olarak saptandı. Hastaların 2 linde (%70) pasif sigara içiciliği vardı. Biomass maruziyet süresi ortalama 38.30 (9-66) yıl idi. Sık enfeksiyon öyküsü 1 hastada varken, hiçbir hastada bronşial astma öyküsü yoktu. Geçirilmiş alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu 5 (%16.6) hastada vardı, ancak hiçbirinde sekel gözlenmedi. Ailede KOAH öyküsü 15 (%50) hastada saptandı. Hastaların 4ünde (%13) a\\ -antitripsin düzeyi düşük olarak bulundu (137.8 mg/dl, 137.8 mg/dl, 132.1 mg/dl, 127.5 mg/dlnormal değerler: 140-340 mg/dl). Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda öncelikle düşük a]-antitripsin, daha sonra pasif sigara içimi ve biomass maruziyeti önemli risk faktörleri olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, hastalığın ortaya çıkmasında ev içi hava kirliliğinin önemli olması dikkat çekicidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: KOAH, Kadın, Etyoloji
Sigara içmeyen 30 KOAHlı kadın hastada etyolojik risk faktörleri araştırıldı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 64.17 (47-85) olup, ortalama hastalık süresi 14.23 olarak bulundu. Hastaların 22si evhanımı, 2si emekli temizlik işçisi, l i emekli öğretmen, Ii evhanımı ancak 20 yıl önce 5 yıl süreyle kömür nakliye işiyle uğraşmış, 2si emekli hizmetli, l i emekli hemşire, l i çiftçi idi. Sürekli şehirde yaşamış hasta sayısı 10 (33%), köyde yaşamış hasta sayısı 8 (26%), hem köyde, hemde şehirde yaşamış hasta sayısı ise 12 (%40) olarak saptandı. Hastaların 2 linde (%70) pasif sigara içiciliği vardı. Biomass maruziyet süresi ortalama 38.30 (9-66) yıl idi. Sık enfeksiyon öyküsü 1 hastada varken, hiçbir hastada bronşial astma öyküsü yoktu. Geçirilmiş alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu 5 (%16.6) hastada vardı, ancak hiçbirinde sekel gözlenmedi. Ailede KOAH öyküsü 15 (%50) hastada saptandı. Hastaların 4ünde (%13) a\\ -antitripsin düzeyi düşük olarak bulundu (137.8 mg/dl, 137.8 mg/dl, 132.1 mg/dl, 127.5 mg/dlnormal değerler: 140-340 mg/dl). Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda öncelikle düşük a]-antitripsin, daha sonra pasif sigara içimi ve biomass maruziyeti önemli risk faktörleri olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, hastalığın ortaya çıkmasında ev içi hava kirliliğinin önemli olması dikkat çekicidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: KOAH, Kadın, Etyoloji
ABSTRACT
Thirty women with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) were included in the study aimed to find out the etiologic risk factors. A l l of them were non-smokers. The mean age of patients was 64.17 (47-85). The mean duration of disease period was 14.23 years. Out of 30, 22 patients were house -wife, two patients dealt with cleaning (retired of work), one was teacher (retired of work), one was a house -wife who dealt with coal delivery in the city 20 years ago for 5 years. Two were civil- servants (retired) and one was a nurse (a midwife- retired of work). The number of patients who have been living in the city for all their -lives, who have been in rural area all life long and, who have been to both area were 10 (33%), 8 (26%) and 12 (40%), respectively. Biomass exposure has been noted in 12 (40%) patients with the mean duration of disease was 38.30 years (9-66). The statistical relationship between COPD and biomass exposure is significant (p<0.06). The history of frequent infections was present only in one patient where as there has been no history of bronchial asthma in any of the patients. The history of past lower respiratory tract infection was presented in 5 (16,6%) patients without any sequala. The family history of COPD was present in 15 (50%) patients. In 4 (13%) patients, the level of a) - antitrypsin in serum has been found lower than the normal range of 140-320 mg/dl (137.8 mg/dl, 137.8 mg/dl, 127 mg/dl). So it has been firstly concluded that its necessary to search for a] - antitrypsin deficiency in the serum of nonsmoker-female patients with COPD. And secondly the passive cigarette-smoke exposure and biomass exposure are the most important risk factors. Lastly its also worth paying attention for the indoor- airpollution in the development of COPD.
Keywords: COPD, Female patients, Etiology
Thirty women with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) were included in the study aimed to find out the etiologic risk factors. A l l of them were non-smokers. The mean age of patients was 64.17 (47-85). The mean duration of disease period was 14.23 years. Out of 30, 22 patients were house -wife, two patients dealt with cleaning (retired of work), one was teacher (retired of work), one was a house -wife who dealt with coal delivery in the city 20 years ago for 5 years. Two were civil- servants (retired) and one was a nurse (a midwife- retired of work). The number of patients who have been living in the city for all their -lives, who have been in rural area all life long and, who have been to both area were 10 (33%), 8 (26%) and 12 (40%), respectively. Biomass exposure has been noted in 12 (40%) patients with the mean duration of disease was 38.30 years (9-66). The statistical relationship between COPD and biomass exposure is significant (p<0.06). The history of frequent infections was present only in one patient where as there has been no history of bronchial asthma in any of the patients. The history of past lower respiratory tract infection was presented in 5 (16,6%) patients without any sequala. The family history of COPD was present in 15 (50%) patients. In 4 (13%) patients, the level of a) - antitrypsin in serum has been found lower than the normal range of 140-320 mg/dl (137.8 mg/dl, 137.8 mg/dl, 127 mg/dl). So it has been firstly concluded that its necessary to search for a] - antitrypsin deficiency in the serum of nonsmoker-female patients with COPD. And secondly the passive cigarette-smoke exposure and biomass exposure are the most important risk factors. Lastly its also worth paying attention for the indoor- airpollution in the development of COPD.
Keywords: COPD, Female patients, Etiology
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