Amaç: Araştırma, sağlık çalışanlarının iletişim becerilerinin ve göçmenlerle yaşadıkları iletişim zorluklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipte olan bu araştırma, Yozgat Şehir Hastanesi ve Yozgatil merkezindeki 8 aile sağlığı merkezindeki toplam 562 sağlık çalışanından, araştırma yapıldığı tarihlerde aktif çalışan ve gönüllü olan 450 sağlık çalışanı ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, 2018 yılında yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Veriler, 14 sorudan oluşan 'Anket Formu' ve 45 sorudan oluşan 'İletişim Becerileri Envanteri (İBE)' kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde sayılar, yüzdelikler, ortalama ve standart sapmaların yanı sıra Kruskal-Wallis analizi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmış, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunan çoklu gruplarda ileri analiz olarak Mann-Whitney U testi yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık değeri p<0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamına alınan sağlık çalışanlarının İBE puan ortalamaları 157,02±13,23'tür. Sağlık çalışanlarının 26-33 yaşında ve bekâr olanların İBE toplam puan ortalamalarının diğer gruplara göre yüksek çıktığı ve bu farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma yılı ve cinsiyet ile İBE toplam ve alt boyutlarının puan ortalaması arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı çıkmasa da kadınlar ve 10 yıl ve daha altında çalışanlar lehine İBE toplam puan ortalamasının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Sağlık çalışanlarının %68,9'u göçmenlere çevirmen olmadan hizmet verdiğini belirtmiştir. Ancak çevirmenlerin sağlık bilgisi sorgulanmamıştır. Sağlık çalışanlarının %53,6'sı göçmenlerin verilen hizmete karşı tutumlarının olumsuz olduğunu ve %46,0'ı bu durumun verilen hizmeti zorlaştırdığını belirtmiştir. Hizmet sunumunu etkilemediğini belirten sağlık çalışanlarının hizmet sunumunu zorlaştırdığını ifade edenlere göre Zihinsel, Davranışsal İletişim Becerileri ve İBE toplam puan ortalamaları yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının iletişim becerileri puan ortalamaları orta düzeyde bulunmuştur. Sağlık çalışanlarının iletişim becerilerinin hizmet içi eğitimlerle geliştirilmesi ve en çok karşılaşılan göçmen grubu 18-59 yaş grubu olduğu için bu yaş gruplarında en çok görülen sağlık problemlerini bilmeleri ve bu sorunların birçoğunun sebebi çevirmen eksikliği olduğundan, hastaların şikâyetlerini anlayan ve durumu sağlık çalışanına iletebilen sağlık bilgisine sahip çevirmenlerin sayılarının artırılması ve sağlık çalışanlarının hizmetlerine karşı göçmenlerin olumsuz tutumlarının değiştirilmesi için araştırmalar önerilebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İletişim; göç; göçmen; sağlık çalışanı
Objective: The research was carried out to determine the communication skills and communication difficulties of healthcare professionals with migrants. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 562 healthcare workers in the Yozgat City Hospital and 8 family health centers in the Yozgat Province center, with 450 healthcare workers active and volunteering at the time of the survey. The data were collected in 2018 by face-to-face interview method. The data were collected using 'Questionnaire Form' consisting of 14 questions and 'Communication Skills Inventory (IBI)' consisting of 45 questions. In addition to numbers, percentages, average and standard deviations, Kruskall Wallis Analysis and Mann Whitney U test were used in the analysis of the data, and Mann Whitney U test was performed as advanced analysis in multiple groups that were statistically significant. Statistical significance value was determined as p<0.05. Results: The mean average of the HDI points of the healthcare workers included in the research is 157.02±13.23. It was determined that the total mean scores of the healthcare professionals 26-33 years old and single individuals were higher than the other groups, and this difference was statistically significant. Although the difference between the study year and gender and the mean score of the total and sub-dimensions of the SIB was not statistically significant, it was observed that the average of the total SQI was higher in favor of women and those working 10 years or less. 68.9% of healthcare workers stated that they serve immigrants without translators. However, health information of translators has not been questioned. 53.6% of healthcare workers stated that immigrants' attitudes towards the service were negative and 46.0% stated that this situation made the service difficult. According to those who stated that they do not affect service delivery, health workers make service delivery difficult, mental, behavioral communication skills and IBI total score averages are high. Conclusion: The communication skills average scores of the healtcare professionals were found to be medium. Since the communication skills of healtcare workers are developed through in-service training and the most frequently encountered immigrant group is the 18-59 age group, they know the most common health problems in these age groups and the reason for many of these problems is the lack of translators, so they have health information that understands patients' complaints and can convey the situation to the healthcare worker. Rsearch can be proposed to increase the number of translators and to change the negative attitudes of migrants towards the services of healtcare workers.
Keywords: Communication; migration; immigrant; health worker
- Başol E. [Patients with health professionals (doctors and nurses) communication between the problems and solutions]. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal. 2018;4(1):76-93.
- https://sozluk.gov.tr/ Erişim tarihi:17 Mart 2019
- Nadzam DM. Nurses'role in communication and patient safety. J Nurs Care Qual. 2009;24(3):184-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- McNeill C, Shattell M, Rossen E, Bartlett R. Relationship skills building with older adults. J Nurs Educ. 2008;47(6):269-71. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Öztürk H. Babacan E. [Violence applied to health personnel working at hospitals by patients/their relatives: the causes and factors regarding violence]. Journal of Health and Nursing Management. 2014;2(1):70-80. [Crossref]
- Flicek CL. Communication: a dynamic between nurses and physicians. Medsurg Nurs. 2012;21(6):385-7. [PubMed]
- Shannon D. Effective physician -to- physician communication: an essential ingredient for care coordination. Physician Exec. 2012;38(1):16-21. [PubMed]
- Bozkir Ç, Tekin C, Mete B, Nacar E, Ozer A. [Communication skills, empathic tendency and affecting factors of assistant doctors in Inonu University, faculty of medicine, Malatya]. Medicine Science. 2015;4(3):2473-87. [Crossref]
- Loghmani L, Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A. Factors affecting the nurse-patients' family communication in intensive care unit of kerman: a qualitative study. J Caring Sci. 2014;27;3(1):67-82. [PubMed]
- Gümüş Y, Bilgili N. [Effect of the immigration on health]. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2015;18(1):63-7. [Crossref]
- https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/iml31_turkish_2ndedition.pdf syf:35-36 Erişim Tarihi:8 Ağustos 2018
- Demir G, Arıöz A. [Healthy life style behaviors of migrant women and influencing factors]. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2014;1(2):1-8.
- Suphanchaimat R, Kantamaturapoj K, Putthasri W, Prakongsai P. Challenges in the provision of healthcare services for migrants: a systematic review through providers' lens. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;17;15:390. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- http://www.who.int/migrants/en/ Erişim tarihi: 8 Ağustos 2017
- https://www.unhcr.org/tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2017/02/tr(62).pdf Erişim tarihi: 14 Haziran 2018
- Çakır H. [The Adaptation Efforts of Syrian Refugee Women to Socio-Cultural Change: The Case of Yozgat]. ÇOMÜ Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2017;2(4):53-68. [Crossref]
- Sümengen AA, Haylı ÇM, Ocakçı AF. [Health problems of children effected by migration and the role of nursing]. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi (EGEHFD). 2019;35(1):21-7.
- Akgün Şahin Z, Kardaş Özdemir F. [Determination of communication and empathy skill levels of nurses]. JAREN. 2015;1(1):1-7.
- Ersanlı K, Balcı S. [Developing a communication skills inventory]. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal. 1998;2(10):7-12.
- Kumcağız H, Yılmaz M, Balcı Çelik S, Aydın Avcı İ. [Communication skills of nurses: Samsun sample]. Dicle Medical Journal. 2011;38(1):49-56.
- Biglu MH, Nateq F, Ghojazadeh M, Asgharzadeh A. Communication skills of physicians and patients' satisfaction. Mater Sociomed. 2017;29(3):192-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Liu X, Rohrer W, Luo A, Fang Z, He TH, Xie W, et al. Doctor-patient communication skills training in mainland China: a systematic review of the literature. Patient Educ Couns. 2015;98(1):3-14. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Peyman H, Yaghoobi M, Sadeghi Far J, Saye Miri K, Alizadeh M, Yamani N, et al. [Assessment of interpersonal communication skill levels in lecturers of Ilam University of medical sciences: a case study]. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2012;11(9):1436-42.
- Babadağlı B, Ekiz Erim S, Erdoğan S. [Evaluation of the interpersonel relationship between patient and physicians, nurses]. Fırat Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi. 2006;1(3):58-69.
- Tiryaki Şen H, Taşkın Yılmaz F, Pekşen Ünüvar Ö. [Levels of comminaciation skills of service education nurses]. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2013;4(1):13-20. [Crossref]
- Bingöl G, Demir A. [Communication skills of students of Amasya medical vocational school]. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi. 2011;26(4):152-9. [Crossref]
- Aşçı Ö, Hazar G, Yılmaz M. [Communication skills Of students at a health high school and related variables]. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2015;6(3):160-5.
- Karadağ M, Işık O, Cankul İ, Abuhanoğlu H. [Evaluation of communication skills of physicians and nurses]. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2015;17(1):160-79.
- Öztürk H. [Empathy perception of nurses working in private hospital]. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine. 2019;41(4):326-36.
- Erci B, Çokbekler N, Işık K. [The evaluation of midwives and nurses communication skills, who work in the family health center]. Bozok Med J. 2017;7(1):49-53.
- Tiryaki Şen H, Taşkın Yılmaz F, Pekşen Ünüvar Ö, Demirkaya F. [Emphatic skill levels of primary health care workers]. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2012;3(1):6-12. [Crossref]
- Özcan H. [Empathic disposition and empathic skills of nurses: example Gümüşhane]. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences. 2012;1(2):60-8.
- Taleghani F, Ashouri E, Saburi M. Empathy, burnout, demographic variables and their relationships in oncology nurses. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2017;22(1):41-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Ha JF, Longnecker N. Doctor-patient communication: a review. Ochsner J. 2010;10;(1):38-43. [PubMed]
- Ludwick DA, Doucette J. Adopting electronic medical records in primary care: lessons learned from health information systems implementation experience in seven countries. Int J Med Informa. 2009;78(1):22-31. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Tabler J, Scammon DL, Kim J, Farrell T, Tomoaia-Cotisel A, Magill MK, et al. Patient care experiences and perceptions of the patient-provider relationship: a mixed method study. Patient Experience Journal. 2014;1(1):75-87. [Crossref]
- Gürbüz S, Duğan Ö. [Health communication in refugees: a study on Syrian teachers]. Akademik Bakış Uluslararası Hakemli Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2017;(64):479-90.
- Koçan S, Demirci Güngördü N, Demir A, Üstün Ç. [Immigrant problem from a group of health professionals' point of view: a qualitative study]. Turkish Studies. 2017;12(31):361-78. [Crossref]
- Simon MA, Tom LA, Taylor S, Leung I, Vicencio D. 'There's nothing you can do? it's like that in Chinatown':Chinese immigrant women's perceptions of experiences in Chicago Chinatown healthcare settings. Ethn Health. 2019;28:1-18. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Casillas A, Paroz S, Green AR, Wolff H, Weber O, Faucherre F, et al. Cultural competency of health-care providers in a Swiss University Hospital: self-assessed cross-cultural skillfulness in a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Educ. 2014;30;14:19. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Eklöf N, Hupli M, Leino-Kilpi H. Nurses' perceptions of working with immigrant patients and interpreters in Finland. Public Health Nurs. 2015;32(2):143-50. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Krupic F, Samuelsson K, Fatahi N, Skoldenberg O, Sayed-Noor AS. Migrant general practitioners' experiences of using interpreters in health-care: a qualitative explorative study. Med Arch. 2017;71(1):42-7. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Degni F, Suominen S, Essén B, Ansari WE, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K. Communication and cultural issues in providing reproductive health care to immigrant women: health care providers' experiences in meeting the needs of [corrected] Somali women living in Finland. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012;14(2):330-43. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dikmetaş Yardan E, Coşkun Us N, Yardan T. [Communication between immigrant patients and family medicine staff]. Samsun Sağ Bil Der. 2016;1(2):83-92.
- Whittal A, Rosenberg E. Effects of individual immigrant attitudes and host culture attitudes on doctor-immigrant patient relationships and communication in Canada. Int J Equity Health. 2015;29;14:108. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Verlinde E, De Laender N, De Maesschalck S, Deveugele M, Willems S. The social gradient in doctor-patient communication. Int J Equity Health. 2012;12;11:12. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Kluge U, Bogic M, Devillé W, Greacen T, Dauvrin M, Dias S, et al. Health services and the treatment of immigrants: data on service use, interpreting services and immigrant staff members in services across Europe. Eur Psychiatry. 2012;27 Suppl 2:S56-62. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dell' Arciprete A, Braunstein J, Touris C, Dinardi G, Llovet I, Sosa-Estani S, et al. Cultural barriers to effective communication between indigenous communities and health care providers in Northern Argentina: an anthropological contribution to Chagas disease prevention and control. Int J Equity Health. 2014;29;13:6. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
.: İşlem Listesi