Objective: This clinical study aims to determine the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections alone and with arthrocentesis on pain, maximum mouth opening (MMO) and lateral and protrusive movements of the mandible in non-reduction disc displacement temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Material and Methods: This research is a randomized, single-blind and prospective study. 60 adult patients diagnosed clinically and radiographically with non-reducing disc displacement were included in the study. Initial and postoperative pain levels of all patients were measured using the 10-unit Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The amount of lateral and protrusive movement of mandible and MMO was also noted before and after the procedure. The patients were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1 (HA), Group 2 (arthrocentesis + HA), Group 3 (PRP), Group 4 (arthrocentesis+PRP). Results: According to this study, there was no statistically significant relationship between Group 1 and Group 3 and Group 2 and Group 4 in all time intervals and all symptoms. At the end of the 6th month, a significant relationship was found in VAS and MMO values between Group 4 and Group 1 and Group 3. Although there was no significant relationship between Group 4 and Group 2, the average values were found to be higher in the PRP group. Conclusion: It was observed that the results were more successful in the groups in which injections were applied after arthrocentesis than in the groups in which injections were applied without arthrocentesis. PRP injection has shown very successful results in the treatment of TMJ with disc displacement without reduction.
Keywords: Temporomandibular joint; arthrocentesis; platelet-rich plasma; hyaluronic acid
Amaç: Bu klinik çalışma, redüksiyonsuz disk deplasmanlı temporomandibular eklem (TME) rahatsızlıklarında hyaluronik asit (HA) ve trombositten zengin plazma [platelet-rich plasma (PRP)] enjeksiyonlarının tek başına ve artrosentez işlemi ile uygulamalarının ağrı, maksimum ağız açıklığı (MAA) ve mandibulanın lateral ve protrüsiv hareketleri üzerinde etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu araştırma randomize, tek kör ve prospektif bir çalışmadır. Klinik ve radyografik olarak redüksiyonsuz disk deplasmanı teşhisi konulan ve konservatif tedavilerden sonuç alınamayan erişkin 60 hasta araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Bütün hastaların başlangıç ve postoperatif ağrı derecesi 10 birimlik Görsel Analog Skala kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. MAA ve mandibulanın lateral ve protrüziv hareket miktarları da işlem öncesi ve işlem sonrası not edilmiştir. Hastalar rastlantısal olarak Grup 1 (HA enjeksiyonu), Grup 2 (artrosentez + HA enjeksiyonu), Grup 3 (PRP enjeksiyonu), Grup 4 (artrosentez + PRP enjeksiyonu) olmak üzere 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya göre tüm zaman aralıklarında ve tüm semptomlarda Grup 1 ve Grup 3 ile Grup 2 ve Grup 4 arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. 6. ayın sonunda Grup 4 ile Grup 1 ve Grup 3 arasında VAS ve MAA değerlerinde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur, Grup 4 ile Grup 2 arasında ise anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamakla birlikte PRP grubunda ortalama değerlerin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Artrosentez sonrası enjeksiyonların uygulandığı grupların, artrosentez yapılmaksızın enjeksiyonların uygulandığı gruplara göre daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Redüksiyonsuz disk deplasmanlı temporomandibular eklem tedavisinde PRP enjeksiyonu oldukça başarılı sonuçlar göstermiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Temporomandibular eklem; artrosentez; trombositten zengin plazma; hyaluronik asit
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