Amaç: Prevalansı %8-18 arasında bildirilen ve yaşam kalitesini ciddi anlamda etkileyen proktalji fugaksın (PF) tedavisinde az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Ağrı ve atakların etiyolojisi pelvik taban hipertonisitesi ve düzensiz anal sfinkter kasılmasıyla ilişkilendirildiğinden, tedaviler anal sfinkter spazmının gevşetilmesi ve intraanal basıncın azaltılması üzerinedir. Bu çalışma, PF tanılı kadınlarda ağrı ve semptom şikâyetlerinin azaltılması ve yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasında anal sfinkteri gevşeterek anorektal ağrının giderilmesi üzerine transvers friksiyon masajı ve solunum destekli gevşeme egzersizlerinin etkinliğinin araştırılması amacıyla kurgulanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, 10 PF tanılı kadın hasta dâhil edilmiştir. Hastalar 4 hafta süreyle takip edilmiş, tedavi öncesi ve sonrası ağrı, yaşam kalitesi ve PF semptomları vizüel analog skala ve Öz Değerlendirme Sağlık Profili 2 ölçekleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Hastalara haftada 2 gün, her seans yaklaşık 30 dk olacak şekilde transvers friksiyon masajı ve solunum destekli gevşeme egzersizleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Tedavi sonrası hastaların ağrı şiddeti ve semptomlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalma bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Yaşam kalitesi alt basamaklarından ağrı, duygusal reaksiyonlar, uyku ve problem yaşama kategorilerinde pozitif yönde değişim tespit edilirken (p<0,05); sosyal izolasyon, fiziksel aktivite ve enerji kategorilerinde istatistiksel anlamlı değişim saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Total yaşam kalitesinde pozitif yönlü anlamlı değişim görülmüştür (p<0,05). Sonuç: PF tanılı hastalarda, transvers friksiyon masajı kullanılarak eksternal anal sfinkterin gevşetilmesi ile ağrının azaltılması ve yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla yapılmış bu çalışmada uygulanan protokolün, semptomlar, ağrı düzeyi ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine olumlu etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. PF'nin tedavisinde transvers friksiyon masajı; cihaz gerektirmemesi, noninvaziv olması, eksternal anal sfinkteri gevşetme yöntemini kullanarak kalıcı tedavi sağlamaya yönelik bir uygulama yöntemi olması, tedaviye erişim kolaylığı ve maliyet etkinliği sunmasıyla alternatif bir yöntem olarak öne çıkmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ağrı; yaşam kalitesi; kas-iskelet manipülasyonları; egzersiz
Objective: There are few studies in the treatment of proctalgia fugax (PF), which has a prevalence of 8-18% and seriously affects quality of life. Since the etiology of pain and attacks is associated with pelvic floor hypertonicity and irregular anal sphincter contraction, treatments are based on relaxation of anal sphincter spasm and reduction of intraanal pressure. This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of transverse friction massage and respiratory-assisted relaxation exercises on relieving anorectal pain by relaxing the anal sphincter in reducing pain and symptom complaints and increasing the quality of life in women with PF. Material and Methods: Ten female patients diagnosed with PF were included in the study. The patients were followed for 4 weeks, and pre-and post-treatment pain, quality of life, and PF symptoms were evaluated with the visual analogue scale and Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile 2 scales. Transverse friction massage and respiratory-assisted relaxation exercises were applied to the patients 2 days a week for approximately 30 minutes each session. Results: A statistically significant decrease was found in the pain intensity and symptoms of the patients after the treatment (p<0.05). While a positive change was detected in the categories of pain, emotional reactions, sleep and experiencing problems, which are sub-steps of quality of life (p<0.05), no statistically significant change was found in the categories of social isolation, physical activity and energy (p>0.05). A positive and significant change was observed in the total quality of life (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, which was conducted with the aim of reducing pain and improving the quality of life by relaxing the external anal sphincter by using transverse friction massage in patients with a diagnosis of PF, it was determined that the protocol applied had a positive effect on symptoms, pain level and quality of life. Transverse friction massage in the treatment of PF; it stands out as an alternative method as it does not require a device, is noninvasive, is an application method for permanent treatment using the external anal sphincter relaxation method, provides ease of access to treatment and cost effectiveness.
Keywords: Pain; quality of life; musculoskeletal manipulations; exercise
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