Aşırı aktif mesane (AAM), Parkinson hastalığında dopamin kaybına bağlı mesanenin baskılanamaması sonucu ortaya çıkan bir semptomlar bütünüdür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Parkinson hastalarında AAM görülme sıklığını belirlemek, AAM semptomlarına göre hastaların düşme, denge, ambulasyon durumlarını ve yaşam kalitesini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, tuvalet ihtiyacını bağımsız olarak karşılayabilen 55 Parkinson hastası dâhil edildi. Katılımcıların demografik bilgileri ve düşme durumları sorgulandı. AAM semptomları Aşırı Aktif Mesane Değerlendirme Formu-Validasyon 8 (AAMDF-V8), yaşam kalitesi Uluslararası İnkontinans Konsültasyon Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (UİKÖ-KF), düşme korkusu Düşme Etkinlik Ölçeği (DEÖ), denge Berg Denge Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve ambulasyon Zamanlı Kalk ve Yürü Testi (ZKYT) ile değerlendirildi. AAMDF-V8'den aldıkları puanlara göre hastalar AAM'si olan ve AAM'si olmayan olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hastaların %80'inde AAM varlığı tespit edildi. AAM'si olan ve olmayan hastalar, klinik ve demografik özellikler açısından benzerdi (p>0,05). AAM'si olan hastaların BDÖ puanı daha düşük (p=0,021), ZKYT süresi ve DEÖ puanı ise daha yüksek idi (p=0,028 ve p=0,043). AAM'si olan hastaların %20,5'inin yaşam kalitesi hiç etkilenmez iken, %79,5'inin yaşam kalitesinin değişen düzeylerde etkilendiği belirlendi. Yaşam kalitesinin 'çok şiddetli' etkilendiği AAM'si olan hastalarda AAM semptom şiddeti, DEÖ puanı ve ZKYT süresi AAM'si olan diğer hastalardan daha yüksek iken (p=0,001; p=0,038 ve p=0,030); BDÖ puanı istatistiksel olarak benzerdi (p=0,136). AAM varlığı ve AAM şiddetine göre düşme durumları arasında fark yoktu (p=0,487 ve p=0,907). Sonuç: Parkinson hastalığında AAM varlığı düşme korkusunu artırmakta; denge, ambulasyon becerileri ve yaşam kalitesini ise azalmaktadır. AAM'si olan Parkinson hastalarında, kapsamlı bir değerlendirmenin ardından düşme korkusu azaltılmalı, denge, ambulasyon ve yaşam kalitesi geliştirilmelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Parkinson hastalığı; aşırı aktif mesane; düşme; denge; ambulasyon; yaşam kalitesi
Objective: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a whole group of symptoms in Parkinson's disease caused by inability to suppress the bladder due to dopamine loss. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of OAB in patients with Parkinson's disease and to investigate the falling, balance, ambulation status and quality of life of patients according to OAB symptoms. Material and Methods: Fifty-five patients with Parkinson's disease who were able perform their toilet requirements independently were included in the study. Demographic data and the falling status of the participants were questioned. OAB symptoms, quality of life, fear of falling, balance and ambulation were evaluated according to the scales; Overactive Bladder Assessment Form-Validation 8 (OAB-V8), International Incontinence Consultation Scale-Brief Form (ICIQ-CF), Falls-Efficacy Scale (FES), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG), respectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups as those with or without AAM according to the scores obtained from OAB-V8. Results: Prevalence of OAB was found to be 80% among the patients. Patients with and without OAB were statistically similar in terms of clinical and demographic characteristics (p>0.05). While the quality of life of 20.5% of the patients with OAB was not affected at all, the quality of life of 79.5% of the patients with OAB was affected at varying levels. BBS scores for patients with OAB (p=0.021) were found to be lower than for those without OAB. Duration of TUG (p=0.028) and FES scores (p=0.043) in patients with OAB were found to be higher than those without OAB. Patients with 'very severe' effects of OAB on quality of life had higher OAB symptom intensity, FES score and TUG duration (p=0.001, p=0.038 and p=0.030). However, BBS score was found to be statistically similar among these groups (p=0.136). No change in falling rates was determined according to OAB and its severity (p=0.487 and p=0.907). Conclusion: Fear of falling in patients with Parkinson's disease with OAB is increased; their balance, ambulation skills, and quality of life decrease. After comprehensive evaluation of patients with Parkinson's disease with OAB, fear of falling should be reduced and balance, ambulation and quality of life should be improved.
Keywords: Parkinson's disease; overactive bladder; falls; balance; ambulation; quality of life
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